Scalp, Face, and Parotid

Question 1

What are the layers of the SCALP?

Answer 1

Skin
Dense connective tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium

Question 2

What is considered scalp proper?

Answer 2

Skin, dense connective tissue, aponeurosis

Question 3

What is contained within the dense connective tissue?

Answer 3

Arteries, nerves, and veins

Question 4

What are the arteries branches of?

Answer 4

Ophthalmic & external carotid

Question 5

Branches of external carotid within dense CT?

Answer 5

Superficial temporal, occipital, posterior auricular artery

Question 6

Branches of ophthalmic artery within dense CT?

Answer 6

Supratrochlear artery & vein, supraorbital artery & vein

Question 7

Innervation of the scalp is supplied by

Answer 7

CN V and C2 & C3

Question 8

What is firmly attached to skin?

Answer 8

Aponeurotic layer

Question 9

What is the function of occipitofrontalis?

Answer 9

Raise eyebrows

Question 10

What provides sensory innervation to the face?

Answer 10

GSA fibers from CN V (trigeminal nerve)

Question 11

What are the smiling muscles?

Answer 11

Zygomaticus major & minor, levator labii superioris

Question 12

What are the frowning muscles?

Answer 12

Mentalis, depressor anguli oris

Question 13

What wrinkles skin?

Answer 13

Platsyma

Question 14

What allows forced closure of eyes?

Answer 14

Orbital portion of orbicularis oculi

Question 15

What allows soft blinking?

Answer 15

Palpebral portion of orbicularis oculi

Question 16

What are the muscles of facial expression innervated by?

Answer 16

CN VII (facial nerve)

Question 17

What are branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 17

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

Question 18

What is the mnemonic for facial nerve branches?

Answer 18

To Zanzibar By Motor Car

Question 19

Where do the facial nerves leave?

Answer 19

Stylomastoid foramen

Question 20

What does the buccinator do?

Answer 20

Puff up cheeks, hold food

Question 21

What is the largest salivary gland?

Answer 21

Parotid gland

Question 22

Where does the parotid duct cross over?

Answer 22

Masseter -> empties into oral cavity

Question 23

What structures pass through the parotid gland?

Answer 23

Transverse facial a/v, CN VII, retromandibular vein, external carotid, auriculotemporal n (V3), superficial and deep parotid nodes

Question 24

Where do the GVE fibers to the parotid gland come from?

Answer 24

CN IX (glossopharyngeal nerve)

Question 25

What is the parasympathetic ganglion near the parotid gland?

Answer 25

Otic ganglion

Question 26

What is contained within lesser petrosal nerve?

Answer 26

GVE and GVA fibers

Question 27

What does the lesser petrosal nerve carry?

Answer 27

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion

Question 28

What is the major blood vessel supplying the face?

Answer 28

Facial artery

Question 29

What are branches of the facial artery?

Answer 29

Angular A/V, superior labial A/V, inferior labial A/V

Question 30

What does the superior and inferior ophthalmic vein drain into?

Answer 30

Angular vein

Question 31

What drains much of the face?

Answer 31

Facial vein

Question 32

How do infections spread to danger triangle?

Answer 32

Angular veins

Question 33

Where do lymph drain in the face?

Answer 33

Submental, submandibular, and parotid nodes -> all to deep cervical