TRANSFER Flashcards
What are the 5 types of transfer?
Positive Negative Proactive Bilateral Retroactive
What is positive transfer?
Sporting example
Positive Transfer: This occurs when learning in one task is enhanced by learning in another task.
Example: learning a golf stroke may be enhanced by virtue of the fact that the player is a good cricketer.
What is negative transfer?
Negative transfer occurs in the initial stages of learning, but in this case the learning and performance of one skill is hindered by the learning and performance of another.
What is proactive transfer?
Sporting example
Proactive transfer is when a skill learned previously is used to help one being currently developed.
i.e. A basketball pass and a netball pass.
What is retroactive transfer?
Sporting example
This is when a skill being learned interferes with a skill already learned.
When a netball player returns to netball after playing basketball, there may be some effect on their netball skills.
What is bilateral transfer?
Sporting example
In bilateral transfer a learned skill is transferred from limb to limb across the body. Coaches will always encourage players to use both sides of the body.
i.e. a left-footed football player needs to practise with the right foot.
If a coach is aware of transfer theories, then training and practice sessions should be aimed to encourage positive transfer.
They may also?
- Offer a realistic approach to training and practice. Allowing for early success and progress slowly.
- Maintain similar environmental conditions in both situations
- Ensure practices replicate the performance environment. i.e. add in defenders.
How do you limit the effect of negative transfer?
Negative transfer is rare and is mostly temporary.
It occurs when a known stimulus requires a new response and creates confusion.
Coaches should be aware of this, understand initial performance may drop and draw this to the performer’s attention.
