Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Transcription & Translation > Flashcards

Transcription & Translation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Separates double stranded DNA into single strands

A

DNA helicase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synthesizes short RNA priners

A

DNA primase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Synthesizes DNA in leading and lagging strands, proofreads DNA

A

DNA Polymerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Attaches adjacent Okazaki fragments in lagging strand

A

DNA ligase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Binds to a single strand to prevent reforming double strands ( Not an enzyme)

A

SSB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

DNA codes for ____

RNA ____ the code

RNA translates the code into ___

A

RNA

Carries

Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Genetic information is expressed into structure and function through _____ _____

A

Protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

DNA in a gene determines the sequence of ______ in an RNA molecule

A

Nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What controls the primary structure of a protein

A

RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What replaces thiamine in RNA

A

Uracil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the sugar in RNA

A

Ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are Uracil, Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine

A

Nitrogenious bases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Takes the message from DNA in the nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm

A

Messenger DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

With ribosomal proteins, make up ribosomes, where polypeptides are synthesized

A

Ribosomal (rRNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Transfers the appropriate amino acids to the ribosomes

A

Transfer (tRNA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where are codons found

A

Messenger DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Each of the 20 amino acids found in protein is specified by one or more ….

A

Codons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

There are ___ condons for ___ amino acids

A

64 / 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A single codon can only code for 1 amino acid

True or False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Is mRna modified before leaving the nucleus

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pre-mRNA is composed of …

A

Exons and introns

22
Q

In transcription _____ get expressed and _____ occur in between the exons

A

Exons/ Introns

23
Q

Where does mRNA processing happen?

A

In the nucleus

24
Q

Where are codons and anticodons found?

A

Codons messenger RNA

Anticodons Transfer RNA

25
Q

The sequence of _____ in the mRNA at a ribsome and directs the sequence of amino acids

A

Codons

26
Q

The mRNA transcript associates with thr _____ of a ribosome.

A

rRNA

27
Q

What brings in Amino Acids to the ribosomes during Translation

A

tRNA

28
Q

How many possible amticodons are there?

A

64

29
Q

3 steps of Translation

A

Initiation, Elongation, Termination

30
Q

Initiator tRNA:

Always has the _____ anticodon

A

UAC

31
Q

Start codon

A

AUG

32
Q

mRNA Job

A

Carries message from DNA to ribosomes

33
Q

tRNA Job

A

Has anticodons, carries amino acid to chromosomes

34
Q

rRNA

A

Large and small subunits , site of translation

35
Q

DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA

A

Transcription

36
Q

At ribosomes: mRNA is translated into amino acid sequence ( with tRNA)

A

Translation

37
Q

Which of the following facilities the binding of tRNA anticodons to mRNA codons

A

Elongation factors

38
Q

Rank the termination events in sequence from first to last

  1. Protein product is released
  2. Release factor binds to stop codon
  3. Ribosomal subunits dissociate
A

2

1

3

39
Q

_____ facilitate the binding of tRNA anticodons to mRNA codons

A

Elongation factors

40
Q

____ are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for synthesizing proteins

A

Genes

41
Q

This states that: the flow of genetic information is from DNA to RNA to Protein to traits

A

Central dogma

42
Q

The sequence of ________ in mRNA directs the correct sequence of ______ _______ of a polypeptide during translation

A

Nucleotides / Amino Acids

43
Q

What does the genetic code consist of?

A

Codons

44
Q

_______ begins when RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter?

A

Transcription

45
Q

Elongation continues untl….

A

RNA polymerase reaches a stop sequence

46
Q

What enzyme does the splicesome use to edit Exons and introns?

A

Rivozymes

47
Q

What helps the Splicesome identify the introns to be removed?

A

Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

48
Q

Some introns serve as ________ which help regulate the translation of mRNAs

A

MicroRNA (miRNA)

49
Q

Each tRNA has what at each end?

A

Anticodons & Amino Acid

50
Q

What are polyribosomes?

A

Many ribosomes moving along the same mRNA at the same time

51
Q

Field of study on how proteins are made, function, and are modified by other organelles

A

Proteomics

Biology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions