Chp 2 Chemistry

Question 1

Both living and nonliving things are composed of _____ consisting of ______

Answer 1

Matter

Elementos

Question 2

Most significant elements found in living organisms (6)

Answer 2

Carbon, hydrogen, nitrógen, oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur

Question 3

Elements are I’D by a unique ______ such as Na for sodium.

Answer 3

Atomic Symbol

Question 4

What are the charge of the following subatomic particles?
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons

Answer 4

Positive
Neutral
Negative

Question 5

What determines the Mass Number of an atom?

Answer 5

Protons and Neutrons

Question 6

What is the atomic number composed of?

Answer 6

Protons y Electrons

Question 7

What is an atom of a single element that differ in number of neutrons?

Answer 7

Isotope

Question 8

What makes up the atomic mass?

Answer 8

The average of naturally occurring isotopes

Question 9

The number of electrons in the ______ determine the reactivity of an atom

Answer 9

Valence Shell

Question 10

What does the octet rule state?

Answer 10

Atoms react with one another to have 8 electrons in their valance shell.

Question 11

_______ and ______ are formed when elements associate with each other.

Answer 11

Compounds and Molecules

Question 12

Atomic number

Answer 12

Number of protons in the nucleus, determines chemical properties of an element and place on the periodic table

Question 13

Mass number

Answer 13

Protons and neutrons

Question 14

Which term refers to the average mass for all the isotopes of an atom

Answer 14

Atomic mass

Question 15

Which substances dissociate in water, releasing hydrogen ions H+

Answer 15

Acids

Question 16

Which substance either take up hydrogen ions H+ o release Hydroxide ions OH-

Answer 16

Bases

Question 17

Most significant elements found in living things

Answer 17

CHNOPS

Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur

Question 18

Atomic mass

Answer 18

Average of naturally occurring isotopes

Question 19

_____ are formed when atoms lose or gain 1 or more electrons

Answer 19

Ion

Question 20

If a molecule forms a polar covalent bond, the more _____ atom carries a slightly negative charge.

Answer 20

Electronegative

Question 21

The polarity of water molecules forms ______ between the water molecules.

Answer 21

Hydrogen bonds

Question 22

A hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a slightly _____ hydrogen atom and a slightly ______ oxygen o nitrogen atom

Answer 22

Positive/ Negative

Question 23

5 properties of water

Answer 23

High heat capacity 
High heat evaporation 
Solvent
Cohesion y Adhesion
Less dense when frozen

Question 24

Ph scale measures the concentration of _______ ions.

Answer 24

Hydrogen

Question 25

_____ Release hydrogen ions in water

Answer 25

Acids

Question 26

Bases either release ______ ions o take up ______ ions

Answer 26

Hydroxide/ Hydrogen

Question 27

Example of isotopes:

Answer 27

Carbon 12,13,14

Question 28

When an atom gains an electron it is called an?

Answer 28

Anion

Question 29

When an atom loses an electron it is called a :

Answer 29

Cation