Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chptr 5 Membrane Strucute and Function > Flashcards

Chptr 5 Membrane Strucute and Function Flashcards

Na

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Components of the plasma membrane

A

Phospholipid bilayer, Protein Molecules, Cholestrol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does cholesterol do in the plasma membrane

A

Modify thr fluidity of the membrane over a range of temperatures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The heads of the bilayer are hydrophobic or hydrophilic

A

Hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

The tails of the plasma membrane are hydrophobic or hydrophilic

A

Hydrophobic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is attached to the heads of the plasma membrane?

A

Carbohydrate Chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is attached to the tails of the plasma membrane?

A

Cytoskeleton Filaments by membrane proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A molecule that contains both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region is called?

A

Amphipathic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ways to study the surface of membrane proteins . (2)

A

Electron Micrograph & freeze-fracture

Method which spilts the membrane into an upper and lower layer by freezing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define: Integral & Peripheral Proteins

A

Integral embedded into the membrane

Peripheral occur only on the cytoplasmtic side of the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Phospholipids have an attached carbohydrate chains are called:

A

Glycolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Phosphoproteins that have an attached carbohydrate chain is called:

A

Glycoprotein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Glycocalyx

A

Carbohydrate chains attached to giving the cell a “sugar coat” this provides protection, cell - cell ahdesion, reception of signaling molecules, cell - cell recognition.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Allows particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane freely.

A

Channel Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Selectively interacts with specific molecules or ions so that it can cross the membrane plasma.

A

Carrier Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The major MHC ( Major Histocompatibility Complex) These glycoproteins are different in each person and responsible for rejection after surgery

A

Cell recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Shaped in such a way that specific molecules bind with them.

A

Receptor Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which connections hold a membrane protein in place.

A

ECM extra cellular matrix

Cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What gives cells unquie identification?

A

Carbohydrate chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the basis for the blood groups

A

Carbohydrate chains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

These membrane proteins catalyze a specific reaction

A

Enzymatic proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Join cells so that tissue can fulfill a function

A

Junction Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

These protiens recieve a substance and change their shape, this change moves the substance across the membrane.

A

Carrier Protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Are glycoproteins, one function is to recognize when the body is being invaded

A

Cell recognition proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Have a shape that allows only a specific molecules to bind to it.

A

Receptor Proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

These protiens carry out metabolic reactions directly

A

Enzymatic Proteins

26
Q

3 steps in Cell Signaling

A
  1. Receptor: Binds to signaling molecule, activated and initiates
  2. Transduction pathway: Series of relay proteins that ends when protein is activated
  3. Response: Targeted protiens bring about a cellular response.
27
Q

Which type of substances can pass through the bi layer without energy, Why?

A

Hydrophobic, because they are similar to the center of the layer

28
Q

Which type of molecules expend energy to cross the bilayer?

A

Hydrophilic

29
Q

Passage of molecules into and out of the Cell

Diffusion: Concentration gradient, Requirement to Pass, Example

A

Towards lower, Concentration Gradient, Lipid-Soluble Molecules & Gases

30
Q

Passage of Molecules into and out of the Cell

Facilitated Transport: Direction, Requirement, Example

A

Toward lower concentration, Channel or Carrier and Concentration Gradient, Some sugars & Amino acids

31
Q

Passage of Molecules into and out of the Cell

Active Transport: Direction, Requirement, Example

A

Towards higher concentration, Carrier plus energy, Sugars / Amino Acids / Ions

32
Q

Passage of Molecules into and out of the Cell

Bulk Transport: Direction, Requirement, Example

A

Toward outside or inside, Vescile utilization, Macromolecules

33
Q

Why can water pass through the cell so easily

A

Aquaporins

34
Q

Diffusion

A

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient

35
Q

A solution contains both a _____ and a ______

A

Solute and a solvent

36
Q

Relative solute concentration of 2 environments separated by a semi permeable layer

A

Tonicity

37
Q

If a solution is hypotonic to a cell what happens to the cell. What if the solution is hyoertonic

A

Hypo water goes in

Hyper water goes out

38
Q

What is the tonicity for an IV?

A

0.9 NaCl

39
Q

What is the bursting of a cell called

A

Lysis

40
Q

A plant cell placed in a hypotonic solution what will happen

A

Vacuoles fill with water turgor pressure developes, chloroplasts are seen next to the cell wall.

41
Q

The process in which a cell shrivels

A

Crenation

42
Q

The process of water leaving a plant cell is called

A

Plasmolysis

43
Q

The term _____ refers to a cell that has been exploded due to osmotic pressure.

A

Cytolysis

44
Q

_____ is the term used to describe cytolysis in red blood cells.

A

Hemolysis

45
Q

_____ is determined by the water content of the vacuole

A

Turgor Pressure

46
Q

Why do plants wilt?

A

Lack of Turgor Pressure to keep the plant erect

47
Q

Solution that causes a cell to shrivel is

A

Hypertonic

48
Q

A solution that causes a cell to take in water is

A

Hypotonic

49
Q

What kind of transport are Carrier Proteins responsible for?

A

Facilitated and active transport

50
Q

Use of a plasma membrane carrier protein to move a molecule or an ion from a region of lower concentration to one of higher Requires Energy

A

Active transport

51
Q

In the sodium potassium pump which is moved outside the cell? Which is moved inside

A

Sodium Na+ outside

Potassium K+ inside

52
Q

How do large molecules, protiens, polysaccharides, or nucleic acids enter or exit the cell?

A

Membrane vesicles

53
Q

Substances exit the cell via

Substances enter the cell via

A

Extcytosis

Endocytosis

54
Q

3 types of endocytosis

A

Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Receptor mediated

55
Q

What is a secretory vesicle?

A

Used in exocytosis to expell large molecules out of the cell

56
Q

What are secreted during exocytosis

A

Hormones, neurotransmitters, digestive enzymes

57
Q

When an endocytic vesicle fuses with a lysome, what occurs

A

Digestion

58
Q

Two types of passive transport

A

Diffusion and osmosis

59
Q

Does facilitated transport require energy

A

No

60
Q

What kind of proteins help in facilitied difuson

A

Channel or carrier

61
Q

Facilitated trasnport moves how long the concentration gradiente

A

From low to high

Biology (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions