Chp 3 Organic Chem Flashcards
Na
The chemistry of Carbon is aka as _____
Organic chemistry
_______ _______ is the study of non living matter
Inorganic chemistry
Carbon can bond with as many as ______ other atoms
4
Difference in the carbon skeleton and attached _____ _____ cause biomolecules to have different structures
Functional Groups
_____ are organic molecules with identical formulas but different structures
Isomers
4 classes of biomolecules in cells
Carbs, lipids, protein, nucleic acid
_____ are formed by linking with monomers
Polymers
For each bond formed during a ______ ______ , a molecule of water is removed
Dehydration Reaction
For each bond broken during a ____ _____, a molecule of water is added
Hydrolysis Reaction
3 types of carbohydrates
Mono, di, poly saccharides
Carbohydrate monomers
Glucose, ribose, deoxyribose
Which type are a majority of lipids
Triglycerides
Are fats and oil: Polar o Non Polar
Non Polar
____ tend to contain saturated fatty acids and ____ tend to contain unsaturated fatty acids
Fats / Oils
_____ _____ _____ do not have carbon-carbon double bonds, but ______ ______ ______ do have double bonds in their hydrocarbon chain.
Saturated Fatty Acids
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
_____ _____ are a form of unsaturated Fatty acid
Trans fats
A ______ replaces one of the fatty acids with a phosphate group
Phospholipid
____ have the same four-ring structure as cholesterol, but each differs by the attached functional group
Steroids
____ are composed of a fatty acid with a long hydrocarbon chain bonded to an alcohol
Waxes
Function of a protien 6
Support, metabolism, transport, defense, regulation, motion
A ____ consists of 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond
Peptide
A _____ is a long chain of amino acids
Polypeptide
How do amino acids differ
R groups
Whether or not the R groups are _____ o ______ determine the structure and function
Hydrophobic/ phillic
Describe primary structure of a polypeptide.
Linear sequence of the amino acids
Describe the secondary level of a polypeptide
Contains helices and pleated sheets held in place by hydrogen bonding between amino acids
Describe the tertiary level of a polypeptide
Final folded, held in place by internal bonding and hydrophobic interactions between R groups.
Proteins that contain more than 1 polypeptide have a ______ level of structure as well
Quatrrnary
Some protiens serve as ______, which regulate and carry out body functions
Enzymes
High temperature and PH can cause protiens to ______
Denature
Some proteins, called ____ , may cause other proteins to fold incorrectly, thus altering their functions
Prions
Nucleic Acids are linear polymers of ______
Nucleotides
3 components of a nucleotide
5-carbon sugar, phosphate, nitrogen containing base
DNA uses _______ to direct protein synthesis
mRNA
Hydrolysis of ATP to ______ releases energy needed by the cells to make a product o conduct metabolism.
ADP
Some nucleic acids also act as _______ in metabolic reactions
Coenzyme
