TPO31

Question 1

speciation

Answer 1

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Question 2

interbreed

Answer 2

(with reference to an animal) breed or cause to breed with another of a different race or species.
wolves and dogs can interbreed

Question 3

trickle

Answer 3

(of a liquid) flow in a small stream.
a solitary tear trickled down her cheek

come, go, or appear slowly or gradually.
the first members of the congregation began to trickle in

n

a small flow of liquid.
a trickle of blood

Question 4

afford

Answer 4

provide or supply (an opportunity or facility).

the rooftop terrace affords beautiful views

Question 5

breakup

Answer 5

the separation or breaking up of something into several pieces or sections.
the breakup of the Ottoman Empire

Question 6

imperceptibly

Answer 6

in a way that is so slight, gradual, or subtle as not to be perceived.
the corners of her mouth rose almost imperceptibly

Question 7

colossal

Answer 7

extremely large.

a colossal amount of mail

Question 8

mutate

Answer 8

change or cause to change in form or nature.

technology continues to mutate at an alarming rate

Question 9

neutral

Answer 9

خنثی

Question 10

instruction

Answer 10

a direction or order.
he issued instructions to the sheriff

detailed information telling how something should be done, operated, or assembled.
always study the instructions supplied

teaching; education.
the school offers personalized instruction in a variety of skills

Question 11

Poverty

Answer 11

the state of being extremely poor.

thousands of families are living in abject poverty

Question 12

quotient

Answer 12

a degree or amount of a specified quality or characteristic.

the increase in Washington’s cynicism quotient

Question 13

participate

Answer 13

take part in an action or endeavour.

thousands participated in a nationwide strike

Question 14

ultimately

Answer 14

finally; in the end.

the largest firms may ultimately become unstoppable

Question 15

intervene

Answer 15

come between so as to prevent or alter a result or course of events.
he acted outside his authority when he intervened in the dispute

Question 16

maturation

Answer 16

بلوغ

Question 17

savanna

Answer 17

a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees.

Question 18

altitude

Answer 18

ارتفاع

Question 19

consisting

Answer 19

شامل

Question 20

prevail

Answer 20

prove more powerful than opposing forces; be victorious.

it is hard for logic to prevail over emotion

Question 21

notably

Answer 21

in particular; especially.

a diet low in animal fat protects against potentially fatal diseases, notably diabetes

Question 22

waterlogged

Answer 22

saturated with or full of water.

“parts of the racecourse were waterlogged”

Question 23

satisfactory

Answer 23

fulfilling expectations or needs; acceptable, though not outstanding or perfect.
the brakes are satisfactory if not particularly powerful

Question 24

penetrate

Answer 24

succeed in forcing a way into or through (a thing).

the shrapnel had penetrated his head and chest

Question 25

leach

Answer 25

(with reference to a soluble chemical or mineral) drain away from soil, ash, or similar material by the action of percolating liquid, especially rainwater.
the nutrient is quickly leached away

Question 26

lush

Answer 26

(of vegetation) growing luxuriantly.

lush greenery and cultivated fields

Question 27

outcompete

Answer 27

surpass (someone) in competition.

they were outcompeted by their foreign rivals

Question 28

humus

Answer 28

the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.

گیاخاک

Question 29

decomposition

Answer 29

تجزیه