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TOEFL > TPO 34 > Flashcards

TPO 34 Flashcards

1
Q

calligraphy

A

خوش نویسی

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2
Q

parchment

A

a stiff, flat, thin material made from the prepared skin of an animal and used as a durable writing surface in ancient and medieval times.
he borrowed a quill and a piece of parchment

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3
Q

a thing used for transporting people or goods, especially on land, such as a car, truck, or cart.
the vehicle was sent skidding across the road

A

a thing used to express, embody, or fulfill something.

I use paint as a vehicle for my ideas

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4
Q

epic

A

a long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation.

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5
Q

poetry

poem

A

شعر

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6
Q

boast

A

talk with excessive pride and self-satisfaction about one’s achievements, possessions, or abilities.
she boasted about her many conquests

(of a person, place, or thing) possess (a feature that is a source of pride).
the hotel boasts high standards of comfort

Noun
1
an act of talking with excessive pride and self-satisfaction.
I said I would score, and it wasn’t an idle boast

به رخ کشیدن

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7
Q

souk

A

an Arab market or marketplace; a bazaar.

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8
Q

commission

A

an instruction, command, or duty given to a person or group of people.
he received a commission to act as an informer

a group of people officially charged with a particular function.
the United Nations High Commission for Refugees

verb
give an order for or authorize the production of (something such as a building, piece of equipment, or work of art).
the portrait was commissioned by his widow in 1792

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9
Q

pulp

A

1
a soft, wet, shapeless mass of material.
boiling with soda will reduce your peas to pulp

Verb
1
crush into a soft, shapeless mass.
bales of waste paper were chopped, shredded, and pulped

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10
Q

suspend

A

temporarily prevent from continuing or being in force or effect.
work on the dam was suspended

hang (something) from somewhere.
the light was suspended from the ceiling

(of solid particles) be dispersed throughout the bulk of a fluid.
the paste contains collagen suspended in a salt solution

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11
Q

supplant

A

supersede and replace.

another discovery could supplant the original finding

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12
Q

practitioner

A

a person actively engaged in an art, discipline, or profession, especially medicine.
patients are treated by skilled practitioners

متخصص

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13
Q

spur

A

verb

give an incentive or encouragement to (someone).
her sons’ passion for computer games spurred her on to set up a software business

noun

a thing that prompts or encourages someone; an incentive.
profit was both the spur and the reward of enterprise

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14
Q

across

A

referring to a crossword answer which reads horizontally.

19 across

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15
Q

inscription

A

words inscribed, as on a monument or in a book.

the inscription on her headstone

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16
Q

vizier

A

a high official in some Muslim countries, especially in Turkey under Ottoman rule.

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17
Q

proportioned

A

having dimensions or a comparative relationship of parts of a specified type.
she was tall and perfectly proportioned

متناسب

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18
Q

furnace

A

an enclosed structure in which material can be heated to very high temperatures, e.g. for smelting metals.

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19
Q

pig iron

A

Pig iron, also known as crude iron, is an intermediate product of the iron industry in the production of steel which is obtained by smelting iron ore in a blast furnace. Wikipedia

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20
Q

appetite

A

a natural desire to satisfy a bodily need, especially for food.
he has a healthy appetite

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21
Q

reserve

A

1
refrain from using or disposing of (something); retain for future use.
roll out half the dough and reserve the other half

Noun
1
a supply of a commodity not needed for immediate use but available if required.
Australia has major coal, gas, and uranium reserves

22
Q

bothersome

A

causing bother; troublesome.

most childhood stomachaches, though bothersome, aren’t serious

23
Q

splendid

A

1
magnificent; very impressive.
a splendid view of Windsor Castle

24
Q

phenomenal

A

very remarkable; extraordinary.

the town expanded at a phenomenal rate

25
Q

bellows

A

bellows

26
Q

switch over

A

an instance of adopting a new policy, position, way of life, etc.
a product switchover in its mainframe computer line

27
Q

smelt

A

extract (metal) from its ore by a process involving heating and melting.
coal was used to smelt the steel for the tinplate

28
Q

puddle

A

Noun
1
a small pool of liquid, especially of rainwater on the ground.
splashing through deep puddles

2
clay and sand mixed with water and used as a watertight covering for embankments.

Verb
1
wet or cover (a surface) with water, especially rainwater.
the cobbles under our feet were wet and puddled

2
line (a hole) with puddle.
he dug and puddled a large pond

29
Q

heavy-duty

A 
1 : able or designed to withstand unusual strain
heavy-duty trucks
2 : INTENSIVE
heavy-duty bargaining
3 : IMPORTANT, PROMINENT
heavy-duty lawyers
30
Q

indispensable

A

absolutely necessary.

he made himself indispensable to the parish priest

31
Q

nectar

A

شهد

32
Q

extrafloral nectaries

A 
Image result for extrafloral
Extrafloral nectaries (also known as extranuptial nectaries) are specialised nectar-secreting plant glands that develop outside of flowers and are not involved in pollination, generally on the leaf or petiole (foliar nectaries) and often in relation to the leaf venation.
33
Q

plum

A

آلو

34
Q

cherry

A

گیلاس

35
Q

intrude

A

put oneself deliberately into a place or situation where one is unwelcome or uninvited.
he had no right to intrude into their lives

36
Q

herbivorous

A

(of an animal) feeding on plants.

many of the animals intentionally introduced to new habitats have been herbivorous mammals

37
Q

whatsoever

A 
at all (used for emphasis).
I have no doubt whatsoever
38
Q

dispute

A

a disagreement, argument, or debate.

a territorial dispute between the two countries

39
Q

confer

A

grant or bestow (a title, degree, benefit, or right).
moves were made to confer an honorary degree on her

have discussions; exchange opinions.
the officials were conferring with allies

40
Q

Morning glory

A

Morning glory

41
Q

grasshopper

A

ملخ

42
Q

corolla

A

corolla

43
Q

stigma

A

BOTANY

(in a flower) the part of a pistil that receives the pollen during pollination.

44
Q

beetle

A

سوسک

45
Q

devour

A

eat (food or prey) hungrily or quickly.

he devoured half of his burger in one bite

46
Q

ovary

A

a female reproductive organ in which ova or eggs are produced, present in humans and other vertebrates as a pair.

تخمدان

47
Q

larva

A

larvae

48
Q

burrow

A

a hole or tunnel dug by a small animal, especially a rabbit, as a dwelling.

(of an animal) make a hole or tunnel, typically for use as a dwelling.
moles burrowing away underground

49
Q

sepal

A

کاسبرگ

50
Q

bud

A

جوانه

51
Q

nip

A

pinch, squeeze, or bite sharply.

the dog nipped him on the leg

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