Topic8 StemCells Flashcards
What are Stem Cells?
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can continually divide and become Specialised.
What is differentiation?
Differentiation is a process when stems cells become specialised.
What are the different type of stem cells?
Totipotent
Pluripotent
Multi potent
Unipotent
What are Totipotent Stem cells?
Where do Totipotent Stem cells found?
What is the time limit of Totipotent Stem cells?
Totipotent stem cells can differentiate into any type of body cell.
Totipotent Stem Cells occur for a limited time
Totipotent cells found in early mammalian Embryos.
How do Totipotent Stem Cells differentiate?
Totipotent cells Only translate part of their DNA resulting in specialisation.
What are Pluripotent Stem Cells
Where are pluripotent stem cells found?
Give one use of pluripotent cells?
Pluripotent Stem Cells can Divide in UNLIMITED NUMBERS and differentiate into ALMOST any type of cell
Pluripotent Stem cells found in embryos.
Used in treating human disorders.
What are Multi-potent and Unipotent Stem cells?
Where are they found?
Multi-Potent and Unipotent stem cells found in mature Mammals.
Multi-potent stem cells can differentiate into LIMITED NUMBER OF CELLS
Unipotent Stem Cells: differentiate into ONE TYPE OF CELL
What are the issues regarding Stem Cells?
[Hint 2]
1.Stem cells continue to divide producing a TUMOUR.
2.Ethical-Destruction of Embryo
What are IPS cells?
IPS cells are induced pluripotent stem cells.
How are IPS cells made?
1.Created from adult Unipotent cells(Somatic)
2.Adult Unipotent cells are Treated with TRANSCRIPTION factors to switch on genes that induce PLURIPOTENCY
What is PLURIPOTENCY?
Pluripotency is making them more undifferentiated.
What are the advantage of iPS cells?
What does iPS stand for?
[3 advantages]
iPS stands for induced pluripotent stem cells.
Advantages:1.DONT CAUSE EMBRYONIC DESTRUCTION
2.Self-renewal property-so can divide indefinitely-used for long time.
3.Used in medical treatment instead of embryonic stem cells.
