BLOOD GLUCOSE CONCENTRATION TOPIC6 Flashcards
What is negative feedback?
Any deviation from normal values are restored to their original level.
What are the 5factors that affect blood glucose concentration?
Diet, exercise, insulin, adrenaline and glucagon.
What detects change in blood glucose concentration?
What does it contain?
How is blood glucose levels restored back to normal?
The pancreas detects change in blood glucose levels.,
Contains Endocrine cells in the islets of Langerhans which release hormones insulin and Glucagon which bring blood glucose levels back to normal.
What causes the release of adrenaline and what does it do?
Adrenaline is released by adrenal gland when your body anticipates dangers this means your MORE glucose is released from the stores of glycogen in the liver.
What is the acronym to detect what cells are used in Insulin and Glucagon?
ibag
Insulin beta cells.
Glucagon alpha cells.
What concentration of blood glucose does beta cells detect?
What is released?
When the blood glucose concentration high beta cells in the islets of langerhans detect and secrete insulin in response to this.
Describe the Action of Insulin
1.Insulin attaches to the receptors of target cells changing the tietary structure of channel proteins so more glucose is absorbed by facilitated diffusion.
2.More proteins carriers are incorporated into the cell-surface membrane so more glucose is absorbed into cells by facilitated diffusion as greater surface area for glucose to facilitated diffuse.
What conversion takes place in the action of insulin?
What does it result in?
The conversion of glucose into glycogen.
Results in Glycogenesis in the liver.
What occurs in the action of Glucagon?
1.Glucagon attaches to the receptors on the surface of target cells(liver cells)
2.Upon binding it causes a protein to be activated into ADEN-YLATE CYCLASE to convert ATP into cAMP which activates Enzyme Protein Kinase A which hydrolyse Glycogen into glucose
What conversion occurs in Action of Glucagon?
Conversion of Glycerol and AminoAcids into glucose.
Gluceoneogenisis.
When is Adrenaline released?
What releases Adrenaline?
1.When your body anticipates danger.
2.When your blood glucose is too low.
Adrenal Gland releases Adrenaline.
What occurs in the Action of Adrenalin?
Adrenaline attaches to the receptors on the surface of target cells.
This CAUSES a protein (G-protein) to be activated and the convert ATP into cAMP.
cAMP activates enzyme that hydrolyse glycogen into glucose.
What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is when blood glucose cannot be controlled.
What are the two types of Diabetes and what causes it?
Type 1:childhood due to being unable to produce insulin.
Result in Autoimmune diseases when Beta cells are attacked.
Type2:Adult due to receptors on target cells loosing responsiveness to insulin.
Due to obesity and poor diet.
