Mass Transport In Water Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the function of Xylem?

A

Xylem function is the movement of water so plants carry out photosynthesis

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2
Q

What is the function of the Phloem?

A

Phloem function is responsible for transport of organic substances mass flow hypothesis

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3
Q

What is it called when Sugar moves around the body?

A

Translocation

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4
Q

How is water absorbed through the xylem?

A

Water enter the xylem by being ABSORBED via the root hair cells by osmosis.
Water reaches Xylem where its transported against gravity along its LONG-THICK-WALLED tube.
Transpiration occurs-Evaporation of water vapour through stomata.

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5
Q

What so special about root hair cells?

A

Roots hair cells specialised cells due to have Large:SA so more water absorbed.

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6
Q

What is Transpiration?
What factor effects Transpiration?
What effect does it have on the xylem?

A

Transpiration is evaporation of water vapour through the stomata.
Higher Temperature=Faster Evaporation
TRANSPIRATION PULL occurs when water column pulled up the Xylem puts tension on diameter of xylem.

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7
Q

How is water transported against Gravity?

A

Water is a (di)polar hydrogen bond formed between water molecules.
Results in CONTINUOUS water column being created in xylem.
So when water evaporates out of stomata TRANSPIRATION pull occurs-water columns pulled up xylem this puts tension of xylem decreases diameter.

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8
Q

Features of the xylem.

A

1.Xylem cells hollow because they are dead-have no organelles.
2.Xylem cells no end column can form.

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9
Q

Describe the Structure of Phloem.

A

Companion cell
Sieve tube Plate in the middle.
Sieve tube elements in the middle of sieve tube plate

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10
Q

How is sugar made and how is it transported into phloem?

A

1.Sugar/sucrose is created by Photosynthesis in the source cell and transported to companion cell by FACILITATED DIFFUSION.
2.Sugar/Sucroseis then Actively transported into phloem CO-TRANSPORTED with Hyrogen ions into Phloem.

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11
Q

What affects does Sucrose/Sugar Have when it enters phloem?

A

When Sucrose/sugar enter phloem it decrease water potential so water enters phloem from xylem by OSMOSIS.

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12
Q

How does Sucrose reach the Sink cell?

A

As water enters the Phloem the increase water increases the volume so increases the hydrostatic pressure CREATING a HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE GRADIENT.
Sucrose/sugar formed down to the bottom of phloem
Sucrose/Sugar used in sink cell increased water potential as sugar exists by OSMOSIS decreasing HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE

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13
Q

What are the experiments you need to know in Mass Flow Hypothesis?

A

Two experiment you need to know for for mass flow hypothesis is Ringing Experiment and Tracing Experiment

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14
Q

Give the experiment where it creates swelling?
[Mass Flow Hypothesis]

A

Ringing experiment.
1.Ring of bark along with phloem removed from tree trunk.
2.Trunk swells above removed ring- reason is contains liquid which is sugar and shows sugars can’t be transported due to removal of phloem.

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15
Q

Which test using Radioactively labelled CO2, give the full experiment?

A

Tracing Experiment.
1.Plants provided with radioactively labelled CO2 which is absorbed during photosynthesis to produce sugars.
2.Sugar produced radioactively labelled/
3.Plants then cut and sampled and placed on X-Ray Film which detects Radioactive material highlighting where phloem located.

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