Topic 5: Skill in Sports Flashcards
5.1.1. Define the term skill
The consistent production of goal-oriented movements, which are learned and specific to the task
Motor Skill
Emphasis on learned movement without much thinking required
e.g. weightlifting
Cognitive Skill
- Requires a lot of thinking.
- Knowledge of the game & decision making also required.
- The ability to solve problems and make correct decisions
e.g. basketball
Perceptual Skill
- Using your senses to assess a situation and help you make decisions.
- Sense things and interpret them
(Vision, hearing, touch etc.)
E.g. rock climbing
Perceptual - Motor Skill
- Thinking
- Interpretation of environmental stimuli
- The motor response to this sensory info. Involved in most sports.
Judging the wind before kicking a goal in rugby would be an example of a:
A. Motor skill
B. Cognitive skill
C. Perceptual skill
D. Perceptual - Motor skill
D
Understanding to head the soccer ball back to the goalie, so he can use his hands would be an example of:
A. Motor skill
B. Cognitive skill
C. Perceptual skill
D. Perceptual - Motor skill
C
Discrete Skills
Have a clear start and finish. Usually brief and well defined
E.g. cricket shot, gymnastic flip
Serial Skills
The linking together of skills to form a longer, more complex movement
E.g. triple jump
Continuous Skills
- End of the movement cycle is also the beginning of the next.
- The skill is usually repeated until a time or distance goal has been achieved.
E.g. running, swimming
Closed Skill
- Stable and predictable environment.
- Can be largely controlled by the performer.
- Follow set movement patterns and performed in the same way each time.
E.g. tennis serve
Open Skill
- Unstable and unpredictable environment.
- Conditions dictate the skills.
- Performer adapts to the conditions.
- Perceptual skills and motor skills are needed to be able to control the movement.
E.g. a football pass
Fine Motor Skills
- Movements involve small muscle groups and fine movements.
- Often involve high hand-eye coordination.
E.g. throwing a dart
Gross Motor Skills
Movements involve large muscle groups or many muscle groups and gross movements.
E.g. running, triple jump, kicking a ball
Individual Skills
Skills performed in isolation from others
E.g. springboard diving
Coactive Skills
Skills performed with someone else but with no direct confrontation.
E.g. 100m race
Interactive Skills
Skills performed alongside others and confrontation can be involved.
E.g. soccer
Internally paced or self-paced skills
- The performer controls the rate at which the skill is executed.
- These skills are usually closed skills and are individual skill
E.g. javelin throw
Externally paced skills
- The environment (which may include opponents) controls the rate.
- The performer adjusts movement based on external events.
- Usually open skills
E.g. handball
5.1.5. Outline ability
- An individual’s capability that influences performance across various tasks.
- Innate characteristics we are born with.
Ability vs Skills
- Skills are learned
- Abilities are a product of both learning and genetic
5.1.6. Distinguish between Fleishman’s physical proficiency abilities (physical factors) and perceptual motor abilities (psychomotor factors)
Abilities that allow us to process information about how and when to move.
E.g. Response orientation, Aiming, Reaction Time etc.
5.1.6 Distinguish between Fleishman’s physical proficiency abilities (physical factors) and perceptual motor abilities (psychomotor factors).
Abilities relating to the actual movement.
E.g. Agility, Coordination, Strength, Flexibility, Endurance etc.
5.1.7. Define the term Technique
How a skill is perfomed
