Topic 4.2: Joint and Movement Flashcards
1
Q
Flexion
A
2
Q
Extension
A
3
Q
Hyperextention
A
4
Q
Adduction
A
5
Q
Abduction
A
6
Q
Rotation
A
7
Q
Circumduction
A
8
Q
Pronation
A
9
Q
Supernation
A
10
Q
Dorsiflexion
A
11
Q
Plantarflexion
A
12
Q
Inversion
A
13
Q
Eversion
A
14
Q
Elevation
A
15
Q
Depression
A
16
Q
Muscle Contraction Type
A
Isotonic, Isometric, Isokinetic
17
Q
Isotonic
A
- Means ‘tension with movement’
- Concentric and Eccentric
18
Q
Isometric
A
- Means ‘same distance’
- Tension but no movement
- Contraction with NO CHANGE in length
- A static contraction
- Force of contraction = force of resistance
19
Q
Isokinetic
A
- Means ‘same speed’
- Muscle contracts at a constant speed
- Very rare in sporting examples
- Often requires special equipment and is used in rehab or to test muscle imbalances
20
Q
Concentric
A
- Ends of muscle drawn together (shortening)
- This shortening of the muscle result in movement
- Force is greater than that of resistance
- Distance between origin and insertion decrease
- Joint angle decreases
- Usually against gravity
Pulling up in pull ups, curling in bicep curl
21
Q
Eccentric
A
- Force is less than that of resistance
- Always stronger on the eccentric
- Muscle is contracting BUT lengthening of the muscle occurs
- Distance between origin and insertion increase
- Usually with gravity
- Joint angle increase
Coming down on pull ups, coming down from bicep curl
22
Q
Agonist
A
- Prime mover
- Muscle that is shortening, pulling on the bone (contracting)
23
Q
Antagonist
A
- Muscle that is relaxing, lengthening
24
Q
Fixator
A
Muscles can also contract isometrically to stabilise the origin to maintain a correct or stable position
25
Synergist
Aid and assist the prime mover
26
Reciprical Inhibition
The term for when **agonist** is **stimulated**, **antagonists** is **inhibited**
