Topic 1.1: Skeletal System

Question 1

5 main functions of the bone

Answer 1

1. Support
2. Protection
3. Attachtment point for muscle
4. Storage and release of minerals
5. Blood cell production

Question 2

Distinguish between the axial and appendicular skeleton

Answer 2

Axial are protection bone
(cranium, ribs)

Question 3

Skull

Answer 3

Cranium

Question 4

Jaw

Answer 4

Mandible

Question 5

Spine

Answer 5

Vertebrae (Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar)

Question 6

Function of the vertebrae column

Answer 6

• Supports the head
• Encloses and protects the spinal cord
• Transmit weight from the body to the leg
• Provide attachment points for the ribs and muscles and back

Question 7

How many bones are in the spine?

Answer 7

33
7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
4 coccyx

Question 8

Description of Cervical

Answer 8

Smallest, greatest range of movement

Question 9

Description of Thoracic

Answer 9

Less mobile as ribs attached to each side of the vertabrae restricting movement

Question 10

Description of Lumbar

Answer 10

• Biggest and strongest
• Major role in weight bearing
• Absorb high compression loads

Question 11

Function of Sacral and Coccyx

Answer 11

Transmit weight from body to pelvis and leg

Question 12

Collarbone

Answer 12

Clavicle

Question 13

Shoulder Blades

Answer 13

Scapula

Question 14

Ribs

Answer 14

Ribs

Question 15

Chest Bone

Answer 15

Sternum

Question 16

Forearms Bone

Answer 16

Radius and Ulna

Radius connects to the thumb

Question 17

Arm

Answer 17

Humerus

Question 18

Hand and Wrist

Answer 18

Carpals (wrist)
Metacarpals
Phalanges (fingers)

Question 19

Leg Bone

Thigh Bone

Answer 19

Femur

Question 20

Pelvic

Answer 20

Pelvis Girdle, Ischium, Ilium

Question 21

Knee bone

Answer 21

Patella

Question 22

Ankle and Feet

Answer 22

Tarsals (Ankle)
Metatarsals
Phalanges (toes)

Question 23

Flat Bone

Description

Answer 23

• Curved surfaces
• Vary from thick to very thin
• Provide protection
• Broad surface provides large area for muscle attachment

Question 24

Flat Bone

Name the bones

Answer 24

Cranium, Sternum, Ribs, Scapula

Question 25

Irregular Bone

Description

Answer 25

Have specialised shapes for their function

Question 26

Short Bone

Description

Answer 26

• Small and cube shaped
• Usually articulate with more than one other bone

Question 27

Short Bone

Name the bones

Answer 27

Carpals, Tarsals, Patella

Question 28

Long Bone

Description

Answer 28

• Have a long cylindrical shaft
• Enlarge at both ends
• Length greater than width

Question 29

Long Bone

Name the bones

Answer 29

Clavicle, Femur, Humerus, Radius, Ulna, Phalanges, Tibia, Fibula, Metacarpals, Metatarsals

Question 30

Superior

Answer 30

above, top

Question 31

Inferior

Answer 31

below, under

Question 32

Anterior

Answer 32

from the front

Question 33

Posterior

Answer 33

from the back

Question 34

Medial

Answer 34

towards the midline of the body

Question 35

Lateral

Answer 35

towards the outside of the body

Question 36

Proximal

Answer 36

Means the same as superior (for the limbs, appendicular)

Question 37

Distal

Answer 37

Means the same as inferior (for the limbs, appendicular)