Topic 1 - Plants, Animals, Fungi, Protoctists, Bacteria, and Viruses Flashcards
what type of organisms are plants, animals and fungi?
eukaryotic
are plants multicellular?
yes
what do plants have which enables them to photosynthesise?
chloroplasts
what surrounds a plant cell?
cell wall made of cellulose
what do plants store carbohydrates as?
sucrose or starch
are animals multicellular?
yes
can animals photosynthesise?
no, they don’t have chloroplasts
do animals have cell walls?
no
what do only animals have?
nervous coordination, so they can respond rapidly to changes in the environment
what do animals store carbohydrates as?
glycogen
What’s an example of single-celled fungi?
yeast
What’s an example of a multi-celled fungi?
mucor
how are multicelled fungi set up? (what do they look like)
body called a mycelium which is made up of thread-like hyphae containing a lot of nuclei
can fungi photosynthesise?
no
do fungi have a cell wall and what is it made of?
yes, made of chitin
how do fungi feed?
saprotrophic nutrition. they secrete extracellular enzymes to dissolve their food so they can absorb the nutrients
how do fungi store carbohydrates?
glycogen
is a protoctist single or multi celled?
single-celled
do protoctists have chloroplasts?
some do as they are similar to plant cells, others are more like animal cells
are bacteria single-celled?
yes
do bacteria have a nucleus?
no
how do bacteria store DNA?
in circular chromosomes
how do bacteria feed?
they feed off other organisms
what is an example of a bacteria?
lactobacillus bulgaricus
is a virus a cell?
no, they are particles
can they reproduce?
they can only reproduce inside a living cell
what is a virus an example of?
a parasite
why is a virus a parasite?
it depends on another organism to grow and reproduce
do viruses have a cellular structure?
no, they have a protein coat around some genetic material
what is a pathogen?
an organism that causes disease
what organisms can be pathogens?
some fungi, protoctists and bacteria. also all viruses
what is an example of a protoctist pathogen?
plasmodium causes malaria
what is an example of a bacterium pathogen?
pneumococcus, which causes pneumonia
what are 2 examples of a virus pathogen?
influenza causes flu
HIV causes AIDS
