Topic 1 - Active Transport

Question 1

what is active transport?

Answer 1

the movement of particles against a concentration gradient (low to high) using energy from respiration

Question 2

what does active transport do in the gut?

Answer 2

allows nutrients to be taken into the blood even if there is less in the gut than in the blood. this is essential to stop starving

Question 3

what four factors affect the movement of substances?

Answer 3

surface area : volume ratio, distance, temperature and concentration gradient

Question 4

how does the surface area : volume ratio affect the movement of substances?

Answer 4

rate of substance movement is higher in cells with a higher surface area : volume ratio

Question 5

how does distance affect the movement of substances?

Answer 5

if substances have a short distance to move they will move into and out of cells faster

Question 6

how does temperature affect the movement of substances?

Answer 6

as particles get warmer they have more energy so move faster

Question 7

how does the concentration gradient affect the movement of substances?

Answer 7

they move faster if the concentration gradient is higher. this doesn’t affect active transport