tophat ch 4

Question 1

You are shown one green T surrounded by 7 red Ts. Based on the results displayed in the graph, you
will locate that green T _____ when there are only 3 red Ts

Answer 1

as quickly as

Question 2

You are shown one green T surrounded by 7 red Ts. Based on the results displayed in the graph, you
will locate that green T _____

1. as quickly as when there are 25 red Ts.
2. significantly more quickly than when there are 25 red Ts.
3. significantly more quickly than when the other items are 25 green Os.
4. as quickly as when the other items are 25 green Os.

Answer 2

1 and 4

Question 3

You are shown:
One red X surrounded by 10 green Xs, 7 red Ts, and 7 red Ss in Display A.
One red X surrounded by 5 green Xs, 3 red Ts, and 3 red Ss in Display B
Which statement is true?
A) Search time for the red X is the same in Displays A and B.
B) Search time for the red X is significantly more quickly in Display A than in Display B.
C) Search time for the red X is significantly more slowly in Display A than in Display B.

Answer 3

c

Question 4

Which of the following demonstrates inattentional blindness?
A) The “stranger and the door” experiment
B) The “ball-passing-and-gorilla test”
C) The Stroop Task
D) A dichotic listening task

Answer 4

b

Question 5

Your job is to monitor the EEG recordings of a patient in a sleep laboratory. You observe that the
patient’s brain waves change from about 14 Hz to 8-12 Hz, and then to 4.5-7 Hz. What changes have
likely occurred in the patient

Answer 5

First the patient was awake, then relaxed, and then in Stage 1 sleep.

Question 6

The EEG tracing of the patient in the sleep laboratory shows that brain waves have slowed to about
1 to 2 Hz. In addition, breathing and heart rate have decreased. It is most likely that the patient is

Answer 6

in stages 3 and 4 of sleep

Question 7

REM dreams are ____; non-REM dreams are ____

Answer 7

bizarre & emotional; dull & mundane

Question 8

REM sleep is paradoxical because ____

Answer 8

the brain is active, but the major skeletal muscles are paralyzed

Question 9

Which statement is true?
A) REM sleep is the only sleep stage during which dreams occur.
B) During the hours we are asleep, REM periods become longer and longer.
C) The amount of time we spend in REM sleep increases as we age from infancy to adulthood.
D) During REM sleep we move our arms and legs more than during any other stage of sleep.

Answer 9

During the hours we are asleep, REM periods become longer and longer

Question 10

One example of an automatic process is _____
A) looking at a fancy dog outside the window during a psychology lecture.
B) driving in stormy weather.
C) taking a test.
D) threading a needle

Answer 10

a

Question 11

what is the cocktail party effect
1. Inability to concentrate on one conversation because the environment is full of distractions.
2. Capability to detect words of importance (e.g., one’s own name) originating from unattended
stimuli.
3. Capability to focus one’s attention on one conversation among a mixture of conversations and
background noises

Answer 11

both 2 and 3

Question 12

Cocktail party effect is to _____ as dual processing is to _____

Answer 12

selective attention; divided attention