Toksikologi (AKUTTMEDISIN) Flashcards
Hva er antidoten fir acetylkolin inhibitorer?
Atropine is the primary antidote for acetylcholinesterase inhibitor poisoning.
Hva er typisk ved de tre stegene ved etanylintox?
Stage 1. CNS depression, Stage 2. Cardiopulmonary symptoms, Stage 3. Flank pain, anuria, and hematuria
Symptomer cyanid forgiftning?
Endert mental status. If awake enough to answer questions, then the patient may report a headache, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, vertigo, weakness, and dyspnea.
Symptomer metanolintox?
Patient complaints include nausea and vomiting (in almost 50% of cases), headache or vertigo, abdominal pain (often from pancreatitis), and blurred vision (the patient may say, “It looks like a snowstorm”).
Hva er symptomene på Organophosphates (plantemiddleforgiftning)?
Symptomene er dumbels; diare, urinering, miose, bradicardi, bonkospasme og bronchorrhea, emesis (oppkast), lacrimation (mye tårer i øyet) og seizures, salivation og sweting.
Hva må man vurdere når man er innvolvert I toksiske kriser?
Toxicologic emergencies require you to think critically to identify the substances involved, determine your differential diagnosis, and formulate your treatment based on the anticipated clinical course of your patient.
Vanlige symptomer CO forgiftnign?
Symptomer kan minne om influensa, med hodepine, kvalme og oppkast
Symptomer sopp?
Hallusinerende liknende LSD, med signs and symptoms include muscle weakness, drowsiness, nausea and vomiting, mydriasis, mild tachycardia, and mild hypertension. Noen kan få anfall og hypertermi.
Symptoemr opioid?
euphoria, hypotension, respiratory depression, and pinpoint pupils. Depending on the particular agent, nausea, vomiting, and constipation may occur as well. With increased doses, coma, seizures (usually secondary to hypoxia), and cardiac arrest (usually secondary to respiratory arrest) are common.
Hvordan virker LSD på cellenivå? Hvordan er effekten?
LSD is a serotonin receptor agonist. LSD has the ability to distort reality, change a person’s mood, or alter perceptions and/or reality.
Hva er forskjellen på opiate og opioid?
Opiat er fra opiumsplanten (f.eks. morfin), mens opioid er den syntetiske fremstillingen (fentanyl, tramadol mm).
SYmptomer PCP?
Symptomer er Slurred speech, staggering gait, tachycardia, hypertension, staring blankly for extended periods, and horizontal nystagmus. Users may also display extraordinary strength, have a sense of invincibility, or seem to lack awareness of pain, continuing to function despite significant orthopaedic injuries.
Hvordan vikrer ketamin på cellenivå?
virker på NDMA reseptorene og my-opioid reseptorene som gi smertelindrende effect.
Symptomer LSD?
Symptomer LSD er mild tachycardia, palpitations, mydriasis, and sweating. In a “bad trip,” the user has a vivid, frightening experience similar to a nightmare, resulting in an acute anxiety attack and the physical effects secondary to increased anxiety. The bad trip does not end until the drug wears off.
Hvordan er den kroppslige følelsen av PCP/englestøv?
PCP has the ability to distort sight and sound and make the user feel separated from his or her own body
Symptomer marijuana?
Marijuana may cause the user to have enhanced sensory perception and euphoria. These unusual effects may cause anxiety or panic. Common short-term effects of marijuana include tachycardia, balance and coordination problems, increased appetite, conjunctival injection, dry mouth, and possible memory loss
Hva er rhabdomyolysis?
the destruction of muscle tissue leading to a release of potassium and myoglobin.
Hvilek symptomer kan man se ved Bath salts / synthetic cathinones?
Significant paranoia, hallucinations, incredible strength, excited delirium, and other bizarre behaviors. Tachycardia, diaphoresis, nausea, and hyperthermia may also be present.
Hva er de farligste konsekvensene av nevrostimulerende stoffer?
The most life-threatening presentations of stimulant abuse include dysrhythmias, vascular events, hypertension, hyperthermia, seizures, and agitation.
Forskjeller mellom symptombildet amfetamin og kokain?
Amfetmin har en lenger effet, ellers er symptomene nokså like.
Hvordan virker kokain I kroppen?
Cocaine enhances the release and activity of neurotransmitters in the body, including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. The enhanced dopamine activity is responsible for the euphoria that features enhanced alertness and a tremendous sense of well-being. Gjør at man havner høyt oppe, og at man krasjer hardt
Hva er det som gjør at alcohol kan bli livsturende?
One of the most significant risks to an acutely intoxicated person is from respiratory depression and/or aspiration of vomitus, secondary to the inability to protect his or her own airway. Ofte med promille på 4
Hva er toksikologi?
Toxicology is the study of toxic or poisonous substances.
Hva er gift?
A poison is a substance whose chemical action could damage structures or impair function when introduced into the body.
I hvilken sammenheng er Flunitrazepam/Rohypnol ofte blitt brukt?
Sekuelle overgrep
Symptoemr syntetisk marijuana / spice?
Symptomer er psychosis, hallucinations, tachycardia, vomiting, renal conditions, and seizures. Virker på de same reseptorene som THC, men er farligere enn tradisjonell marijuana.
Symptomer Sederende – benzo?
hypoventilation, respiratory arrest, drowsiness, disinhibition, ataxia, slurred speech, mental confusion, respiratory depression, progressive CNS depression, hypotension
Symptomer Kloinerge (aktiverer para) ?
DUMBELS: (Diarrhea, Urination, Miosis [constriction of the pupils]/muscle weakness, Bradycardia/Bronchospasm/Bronchorrhea [discharge of mucus from the lungs], Emesis [vomiting], Lacrimation [excessive tearing of the eyes], Seizures/Salivation/Sweating); respiratory depression; apnea;
Symptomer Antikolinerge (bremser para): atropine, antihistamin, tresykliske antihistam?
Agitation, dry mucous membranes, flushed skin, hyperthermia, tachycardia, dilated pupils, blurred vision, mild hallucinations, dramatic delirium
Symptomer Nevrostimuleriende – meth, kokain?
Hypertension, diaphoresis, tachycardia, tachypnea, dilated pupils (mydriasis), agitation, seizures, hyperthermia, paranoia
Hva er Speedballing?
refers to the simultaneous use of heroin and cocaine. Bade nervestimulerende og aktiverende (?).
Hvilke krefttyper er ofte assosiert med alcohol?
Alcohol abuse is also a risk factor for some cancers, specifically cancer of the mouth and esophagus.
Hva er syndromliknende symptomer / toxidromes?
Symptomer som er klassiske for en gruppe virkestoffer, f.eks. nevrostimulerende stoffer som kokain og Meth.
Hvile fem hovedgrupper toxidromes har man?
narcotic, sympathomimetic, sedative-hypnotic, cholinergic, and anticholinergic
Stmptomer narkotika (opioider)?
Hypoventilation, respiratory arrest, constricted (pinpoint) pupils, bradycardia, hypotension, track marks (intravenous [IV] drug abusers), drowsiness, stupor, coma
Hva er viktige spørsmål å få svar på ved en overdose?
Hvilke stoff er tatt? Når og hvordan ble det tatt? Hvor mye ble tatt? Har der vært oppkast? Hvorfor ble stoffet tatt?
