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10 science-- biology > tissues of the body > Flashcards

tissues of the body Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is histology?

A

the study of tissues

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2
Q

what are tissues?

A

groups of cells which are similar in structure and which perform common or related functions

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3
Q

what are the 4 basic kinds of tissue?

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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4
Q

where is epithelial tissue found?

A

lining of the body
lining of cavities, tubes, ducts, blood vessels
lining of internal organs

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5
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

protection from _____ and _____ injury

A

physical / chemical

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6
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

protection against _____ invasion

A

microbial

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7
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

contains _____ which respond to ______

A

receptors / stimuli

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8
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

_______________ materials

A

filters, secretes, reabsorbs

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9
Q

functions of epithelial tissue

secretes serous fluids to ___________

A

lubricate structures

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10
Q

which is the most abundant and widely distributed tissue?

A

connective

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11
Q

functions of connective tissue

_________ structures

A

connects, binds, supports

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12
Q

functions of connective tissue

protects and cushions ___________

A

organs and tissues

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13
Q

functions of connective tissue

______ (fat)

A

insulates

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14
Q 
functions of connective tissue
transports \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ (blood)
A

substances

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15
Q

what is muscle tissue associated with?

A

bones
heart
walls of hollow organs

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16
Q

what are 7 muscle tissue functions?

A 
movement
locomotion
maintains posture
produces heat
facial expressions
pumps blood
peristalsis
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17
Q

what is the main component of the nervous system?

A

nervous tissue

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18
Q

functions of nervous tissue

regulates and controls _________

A

body functions

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19
Q

functions of nervous tissue

generates and transmits ________

A

nerve impulses

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20
Q

functions of nervous tissue

supports, insulates, protects ________________

A

impulse generating neurons

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21
Q

what are the 3 types of epithelial tissue?

A

squamous
cuboidal
columnar

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22
Q

what are the 3 types of connective tissue?

A

adipose
bone
cartilage

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23
Q

what are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

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24
Q

squamous epithelium thickness

A

one cell

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25
Q

what does squamous epithelium form?

A

solid layer of cells that line blood vessels, body cavities, and internal organs
epidermis

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26
Q

are squamous epithelium stratified?

A

yes

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27
Q

cuboidal epithelium thickness

A

one cell

28
Q

what shape is squamous epithelium?

A

roughly squarelike

29
Q

what shape is cuboidal epithelium?

A

roughly cubelike

30
Q

what does cuboidal epithelium line?

A

ducts in kidneys where reabsorption and secretory activities take place

31
Q

columnar epithelium thickness

A

one cell

32
Q

what shape is columnar epithelium?

A

roughly columnlike

33
Q

what does columnar epithelium line?

A

digestive tract where reabsorption and secretion occurs

34
Q

what is pseudostratified?

A

gives the appearance of more than one layer of columnar epithelial cells

35
Q

what does adipose connective tissue look like?

A

roughly honeycombed

36
Q

what are the 3 functions of adipose connective tissue?

A

stores fat as energy
insulates (fat)
supports and protects organs

37
Q

what does bone connective tissue look like?

A

tree ring like

38
Q

what are the 4 functions of bone connective tissue?

A

supports and protects
mineral storage
fat storage
blood cell production

39
Q

cartilage connective tissue supports while __________

A

providing flexibility

40
Q

cartilage connective tissue absorbs compression between _______ and ________

A

bones / joints

41
Q

cartilage connective tissue hold open ________

A

respiratory passages

42
Q

skeletal muscle activity

A

strong, quick discontinuous voluntary contraction

43
Q

cardiac muscle activity

A

strong, quick continuous involuntary contraction

44
Q

smooth muscle activity

A

weak, slow involuntary contraction

45
Q

what is skeletal muscle attached to and move?

A

skeleton

46
Q

skeletal muscle makes up ___% of body weight

A

40

47
Q

skeletal muscle is made of _________ (multinucleate cells)

A

fibers

48
Q

are skeletal muscle cells striated?

A

yes

49
Q

where is cardiac muscle found?

A

only in the heart

50
Q

are cardiac muscle cells striated?

A

yes

51
Q

where is smooth muscle found?

A

walls of hollow organs (esophagus, intestinal tract)

52
Q

are smooth muscle cells striated?

A

no

53
Q

what is peristalsis?

A

squeeze, release

54
Q

what does nervous tissue make up?

A

brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors

55
Q

what is nervous tissue responsible for?

A

sensory perceptions
mental activities
stimulating muscle movements
secretions of many glands

56
Q

what is the central nervous system made up of?

A

brain

spinal cord

57
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system made up of?

A

nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

58
Q

what does the peripheral nervous system connect?

A

the central nervous system to limbs and organs

59
Q

the peripheral nervous system is the communication is between the ____ and ______

A

brain / extremities

60
Q

sensory neurons

A

send information to CNS from internal or external stimuli

61
Q

motor neurons

A

carry information from CNS to organs, muscle, glands

62
Q

what is a neuron?

A

branching cells with many long processes

63
Q

a neuron has a _____ nucleus

A

large central

64
Q

neurons transmit impulses from ___________

A

one area of the body to other areas

65
Q

neurons regulate activities through __________

A

neuron impulses

66
Q

neurons or nerve cells receive ______ and send out ________

A

stimuli / action responses

10 science-- biology (24 decks)

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