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10 science-- biology > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the circulatory system made up of?

A

heart
blood vessels
blood

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2
Q

what are 2 functions of the circulatory system?

A 
picks up and moves nutrients and oxygen to body tissues
carries waste (carbon dioxide) from the body tissues to organs responsible for removing them from the body
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3
Q

what are the 4 components of blood?

A

red blood cells
white blood cells
platelets
plasma

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4
Q

what do red blood cells do?

A

contain hemoglobin, picks up oxygen and carbon dioxide

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5
Q

what do white blood cells do?

A

fight and destroy disease causing bacteria and viruses

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6
Q

what do platelets do?

A

help the blood clot, seal wounds, stop bleeding

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7
Q

what does plasma do?

A

carries blood cells, dissolved wastes, nutrients, hormones

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8
Q

what does an artery look like?

A

large and thick muscular walls

no valves

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9
Q

what does a vein look like?

A

large and thinner walls

has valves

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10
Q

what does a capillary look like?

A

tiny and thin wall

one epithelial cell thick

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11
Q

what is the function of an artery?

A

carries blood away from the heart under high pressure to body parts
muscular wall squeeze blood from heart

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12
Q

what is the function of a vein?

A

carries blood toward the heart under low pressure from body parts
valves allow blood to move to heart

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13
Q

what is the function of a capillary?

A

allows the exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and the body tissues

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14
Q

what is the heart?

A

muscular organ that pumps blood

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15
Q

what is the function of the superior vena cava?

A

moves deoxygenated blood from upper body to the right atrium

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16
Q

what is the function of the aorta?

A

pumps blood to the rest of the body

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17
Q

what is the function of the right atrium?

A

receives blood from vena cava and allows blood flows into right ventricle

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18
Q

what is the function of the pulmonary arteries?

A

moves deoxygenated blood to lungs

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19
Q

what is the function of the inferior vena cava?

A

moves deoxygenated blood from lower body to the right atrium

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20
Q

what is the function of the pulmonary veins?

A

moves oxygenated blood from lungs

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21
Q

what is the function of the right AV valve?

A

allows blood flows into right ventricle

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22
Q

what is the function of the left atrium?

A

receives oxygenated blood from lungs

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23
Q

what is the function of the right semilunar valve?

A

allows blood flows into pulmonary artery

24
Q

what is the function of the left AV valve?

A

allows blood flows into left ventricle

25
Q

what is the function of the right ventricle?

A

pumps deoxygenated blood to lungs

26
Q

what is the function of the left semilunar valve?

A

allows blood flows into aorta

27
Q

what is the function of the septum?

A

separates right and left ventricles

28
Q

what is the function of the left ventricle?

A

pumps oxygenated blood to the body

29
Q

what is the right AV valve?

A

right atrioventricular valve

tricuspid valve

30
Q

what is the left AV valve?

A

left atrioventricular valve

mistral valve

31
Q

what is the right semilunar valve?

A

pulmonary valve

32
Q

what is the left semilunar valve?

A

aortic valve

33
Q

the deoxygenated blood travels from the body to ______ through _____ (upper body) and _____ vena cava (lower body)

A

the right side of the heart / superior / inferior

34
Q

the right side of the heart pumps __________ to the lungs through _______ arteries

A

deoxygenated blood / pulmonary

35
Q

gas exchange takes place in the _____– blood in capillaries absorbs _____ and gives off _______

A

lungs / oxygen / carbon dioxide

36
Q

the oxygenated blood travels back from the lungs to _______ of the heart through ______ veins

A

the left side / pulmonary

37
Q

the heart pumps the _______ to the rest of the body through ______

A

oxygenated blood / aorta

38
Q

blood travels in a figure 8 pathway from the heart to the _____, back to the heart, then ________, and finally returning to the _____

A

lungs / throughout the body / heart

39
Q

how does the blood move through the heart (first)?

A

right atrium relaxes– receives deoxygenated blood from the body
left atrium relaxes– receives oxygenated blood from lungs

40
Q

how does the blood move through the heart (second)?

A

right ventricle contracts– sends deoxygenated blood to lungs
left ventricle contracts– sends oxygenated blood to the body

41
Q

what is the “lub” sound of the heartbeat?

A

closing of AV valves

42
Q

what is the “dup” sound of the heartbeat?

A

closing of semilunar valves

43
Q

how many times does a heart beat on average per minute?

A

70 times

44
Q

what is blood pressure?

A

measure how hard the blood is pushing against the inside of the arteries

45
Q

what is high blood pressure?

A

140/90 or higher

46
Q

high blood pressure can cause ________

A

heart disease

47
Q

what is systolis?

A

heart contracts, blood pressure rises, blood moves out along the vessels

48
Q

what is diastolic?

A

heart relaxes, blood pressure falls, blood fills the heart

49
Q

what are coronary arteries?

A

blood vessels that provide blood with (oxygen and nutrients) to the heart muscle tissue itself

50
Q

what happens when coronary arteries become partially blocked with plaque

A

atherosclerosis

51
Q

what is plaque made out of?

A

fat, cholesterol, calcium

52
Q

what is atherosclerosis?

A

thickening of the walls of the arteries which narrow the passageway for blood and can cause blood clots

53
Q

what does plaque do to the arteries and the heart?

A

narrows the arteries, reduces blood flow to the heart

54
Q

when plaque narrows the arteries, what can happen?

A

blood clots

55
Q

blood clots block the blood flow causing _________

A

chest pain / heart attack

56
Q

what is a heart attack?

A

plaque in the coronary artery breaks apart
forms a blood clot
blocking blood flow
no oxygen and nutrients to the heart
heart stops pumping and heart tissue starts to die

10 science-- biology (24 decks)

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