respiratory system

Question 1

what are the 2 main jobs of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

provides oxygen needed by the body

removes carbon dioxide produced by the body

Question 2

the respiratory system works closely with the _______ system

Answer 2

circulatory

Question 3

name the 7 main parts of the respiratory system

Answer 3

nose, mouth, trachea, lungs, rib cage, muscle, diaphragm

Question 4

air enters through the ____ or _____ (nasal cavity)

Answer 4

mouth / nose

Question 5

after entering through the nose or mouth, air passes through the ______ (throat)

Answer 5

pharynx

Question 6

after passing through the pharynx, air travels down the ______ (windpipe)

Answer 6

trachea

Question 7

after travelling down the trachea, air goes into the right or left _______

Answer 7

bronchus

Question 8

after travelling into a bronchi, air branches into ________

Answer 8

bronchioles

Question 9

after branching into the bronchioles, air travels into the _______ (air sacs)

Answer 9

alveoli

Question 10

why does air need to go into the alveoli?

Answer 10

for gas exchange

Question 11

what surrounds the alveoli?

Answer 11

capillaries

Question 12

what does the nasal cavity do?

Answer 12

filters, warms, moistens incoming air

Question 13

what does the epiglottis do?

Answer 13

prevents food from entering trachea

Question 14

what does the bronchus do?

Answer 14

carries air to lung

Question 15

what does the larynx contain?

Answer 15

the vocal cords

Question 16

what does the bronchiole do?

Answer 16

carry air to alveoli

Question 17

what does the trachea do?

Answer 17

carry air to the bronchi

Question 18

where are goblet cells located and what do they produce?

Answer 18

in between epithelial cells

mucus

Question 19

what are 2 functions of mucus?

Answer 19

warms, moistens air and allows it to travel airways more easily
traps dirt, dust particles and bacteria

Question 20

what do epithelial cells have?

Answer 20

cilia (hair like projections)

Question 21

what does cilia do?

Answer 21

slowly move the mucus up toward the throat and nose, carrying away any foreign particles

Question 22

when would a sneeze occur?

Answer 22

if particles irritate the nose

Question 23

when will a cough occur?

Answer 23

if the particles are deeper in the air passages

Question 24

how do rings of cartilage support trachea?

Answer 24

by keeping the trachea open, allowing the air to flow more freely

Question 25

air we breathe into our lungs has a ________ concentration of oxygen than the ________ around the alveoli

Answer 25

higher / blood in the capillaries

Question 26

oxygen diffuses through __________ in lungs into ________

Answer 26

alveoli / blood in capillaries

Question 27

blood carries oxygen to the ______

Answer 27

heart

Question 28

what is carbon dioxide?

Answer 28

a waste gas produced by the body as the body uses energy to move/grow/repair itself

Question 29

blood carries carbon dioxide to the ______

Answer 29

lungs

Question 30

carbon dioxide diffuses from __________ in capillaries into ________

Answer 30

blood / alveoli in lungs

Question 31

how is carbon dioxide released?

Answer 31

when we breathe out

Question 32

name 2 ways in which the respiratory system is more efficient?

Answer 32

branching out to increase surface area where oxygen can be absorbed
thin walled alveoli are surrounded by thin walled capillaries

Question 33

breathing is involuntary– _________

Answer 33

controlled by the brain that detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 34

breathing air in and out is a mechanical process related to ___________ caused by the ________________ of the __________________

Answer 34

pressure changes / increase and decrease / chest cavity size

Question 35

inhalation:

muscles move the ribs __________

Answer 35

up and out

Question 36

inhalation:

diaphragm contracts, moving ________

Answer 36

it down

Question 37

inhalation:

volume _______

Answer 37

increases

Question 38

inhalation:

pressure in lungs _______– draws air ___

Answer 38

decreases / in

Question 39

exhalation:

muscles move the ribs _________

Answer 39

down and in

Question 40

exhalation:

diaphragm relaxes, moving _______

Answer 40

it up

Question 41

exhalation:

volume ________

Answer 41

decreases

Question 42

exhalation:

pressure in lungs ________– push air ___

Answer 42

increases / out