Thrall Chapter 42 Urinary bladder

Question 1

1. A pointed apex with an elongated urinary bladder may occur with which disease of the bladder?
   a) ureterocoele
   b) persistent urachal ligament
   c) urethrovaginal fistula
   d) serosal tumour of the bladder apex

Answer 1

b

Question 2

Which of the following cystoliths is most difficult to appreciate on radiographs?
a) Calcium oxalate
b) Struvite
c) Silica
d) Urate

Answer 2

d and cystine as well

Question 3

What percentage of iodine should be in solution for positive contrast cystography?
a) 20%
b) 30%
c) 40%
d) 50%

Answer 3

a

Question 4

How is a double contrast cystogram performed?
a) firstly a small volume of negative contrast is injected, followed by positive contrast medium
b) firstly a large volume of negative contrast is injected, followed by a small volume of positive contrast medium
c) firstly a small volume of undiluted iodine contrast is injected, followed by negative (gas) contrast medium
d) firstly a small volume of 20% iodine solution contrast is injected, followed by negative (gas) contrast medium

Answer 4

c

Question 5

Double contrast cystography is better for which indications?
a) Bladder wall lesions
b) suspected ruptured urinary bladder
c) filling defects within the urinary bladder
d) abnormal urinary bladder location

Answer 5

a,c

Question 6

What is the most likely diagnosis from this double contrast cystoram?
a) Bladder rupture
b) Traumatic urinary bladder diverticula
c) Urachal cyst
d) Urachal diverticulum

Answer 6

d

Question 7

In normal adult cats, what is the thickest measurement of the urinary bladder wall on ultrasound that can be deemed normal?
a) 1.5 +/- 0.4
b) 1.6mm +/- 0.3
c) 1.7mm +/- 0.6
d) 1.9mm +/- 0.3

Answer 7

c

Question 8

What is the likely diagnosis for this patient? (9yo dog with haematuria and urinary incontinence)
a) Cystoliths
b) Blood clot
c) Fungal balls
d) Polyps

Answer 8

d