Thrall chapter 11 the cranial nasal cavities

Question 1

2) Which bone the facial nerve travel through to exit the skull?
a) Presphenoid
b) Basisphenoid
c) Temporal
d) Occipital

Answer 1

2) C squamous portion. Facial nerve originates from the MO. Exits via the stylomastoid foramen in to the internal acoustic meatus with CN8- facial canal through the squamous part of the temporal bone. Short canal for trigeminal nerve also in this bone

Question 2

3) Which foramen does the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exit the skull from?
a) The oval foramen
b) The round foramen
c) The oblong foramen
d) The oval fissure

Answer 2

A

Question 3

4) Occipital dysplasia is…
a) Always associated with neurological disease
b) Always incidental
c) Can be associated with neurological disease
d) Is often seen in cocker spaniels

Answer 3

4) C. seen in small and toy breeds

Question 4

5) Which of the following is false regarding mucopolysaccharidosis VI?
a) Shortened nasal conchae, hypoplasia of the frontal sinuses
b) Epiphyseal dysplasia, generalized osteopetrosis
c) Shortened incisive and maxillary bones
d) Seen to affect Siamese cats, DSHs and miniature pinschers, among other breeds

Answer 4

5) B- epiphyseal dysplasia is right, but causes osteoporosis

Question 5

6) What is the most common nasal tumour in dogs and cats?
a) Round cell
b) Sarcoma
c) Carcinoma
d) Neuroendocrine

Answer 5

C

Question 6

7) What percentage of feline/canine cancer is due to tumours of the oral cavity?
a) 1%/ 13-15%%
b) 3%/ 6-7%
c) 23-24%/ 10%
d) 55%/ 7-8%

Answer 6

B

Question 7

8) Which statement is true regarding oral tumours in dogs and cats?
a) Malignant melanoma is common is cats but rare in dogs. It infrequently metastasis
b) Oral squamous cell carcinoma commonly occurs in the caudal mandible in dogs
c) Squamous cell carcinoma in cats is commonly seen in sublingual and maxillary locations. CT features included sclerotic/ lytic bone lesions and heterogenous contrast enhancement. It has a good prognosis.
d) Oral fibrosarcoma in dogs can affect the maxilla or mandible with a predilection site for the palate. It is often histologically benign but biologically aggressive with bone lysis as a common feature

Answer 7

8) D. Malignant melanoma and fibrosarcoma are common in dogs but rare in cats, it frequently metastasizes to the regional LNs and lungs, with variable bone lysis, Oral squamous cell carcinoma commonly occurs in the rostral mandible in dogs, SCC has a poor prognosis

Question 8

9) What is the most likely diagnosis in this 8yo mastiff?
A) Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma
b) Chondrosarcoma
c) Osteosarcoma

Answer 8

9) A, would have to biopsy likely to rule in/out osteosarcoma. Osteosarcs from cranial vault often osteoblastic with well defined margins. Osteomas are slow growing with smooth well defined borders and without lysis

Question 9

10) What percentage of osteosarcomas arise from the skull?
a) 1-2%
b) 10-15%
c) 45-65%
d) 20-22%

Answer 9

B

Question 10

11) Which brain tumour often causes changes to the adjacent bone?
a) Lymphoma
b) Meningioma
c) Histiocytic sarcoma
d) Glioma

Answer 10

B

Question 11

12) Where is blastomycosis endemic in America?
a) Texas and the southern states
b) Texas and west of Texas
c) Texas and east of Texas
d) East of the Mississippi

Answer 11

D

Question 12

13) Which of the following features makes aspergillus most likely?
a) Destructive pattern, invasion of adjacent bones and mass effect
b) Destructive pattern, adjacent bones often spared, no mass effect
c) No destructive pattern, mass effect
d) Destructive pattern, invasion of adjacent bones, no mass effect

Answer 12

13) B most common. Erosion of the boney septum rare unless advanced disease.

Question 13

14) What are the common mri features of canine lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis? (intensities compared with muscle)
a) Turbinate lysis in about half the dogs, T1w hypointense nasal turbinates more common
b) Turbinate lysis and T1w hyperintense nasal turbinates
c) Turbinates intact, T1w hyperintensity of turbinates
d) Turbinates in tact T1w isointensity

Answer 13

A

Question 14

15) Which of the following is not a feature of a cholesteatoma?
a) Expansion of the tympanic cavity
b) sclerosis, lysis and proliferation of the bulla
c) sclerosis and osteoproliferation of the ipsilateral TMJ
d) moderate contrast enhancement

Answer 14

15) D. Often no enhancement, sometimes rim enhancement like polyps.