Chapter 40 liver and spleen Flashcards
1) Which of the following is not a radiographic sign of hepatomegaly in dogs?
a) Liver length more than 5.5 times the length of T11 in mesocephalic dogs.
b) Rounding of the caudoventral liver margins
c) Caudal displacement of the left kidney
d) Caudal displacement of the gastric axis
c
2) True of false, gas within the bile duct in cats can be found as an incidental finding?
a) True
b) False
2) A apparently can be seen and believed to be sphincter of oddi incompetence
3) Which of the following is best described by the following description(CT?): Diffuse enhancement in the hepatic arterial phase, persistent enhancement in the portal venous phase.
a) Hepatocellular carcinoma
b) Metastatic lesions within the liver
c) Benign hepatic adenoma
d) Nodular hyperplastic lesions in the liver
c need to state imaging modality
4) Which of the following is best described by the following description (CT?): heterogenous enhancement in all phases, and hypoattenuating compared to normal liver parenchyma in the portal and delayed phase.
a) Hepatocellular carcinoma
b) Metastatic lesions within the liver
c) Benign hepatic adenoma
d) Nodular hyperplastic lesions in the liver
a
5) What is the ellipsoid formula for calculating gallbladder volume?
a) Length x width x height
b) Length x width x height x 0.24
c) Length x width x height x 3.14
d) Length x width x height x 0.52
d
6) What is the normal approximate gallbladder volume of a cat?
a) 2ml
b) 2.4ml
c) 3ml
d) 3.6ml
b
7) What is the most common diffuse hyperechoic hepatopathy in cats?
a) Steroid hepatopathy
b) Hepatic lipidosis
c) Hepatic fibrosis
d) Hepatic cirrhosis
b
8) What is the most common primary hepatic tumour in a dog?
a) Cholangiocellular carcinoma
b) Neuroendocrine tumour
c) Hepatocellular carcinoma
d) Haemangiosarcoma
c
9) What is the most common primary hepatic tumour in the cat?
a) Biliary cystadenoma
b) Cholangiocarcinoma
c) Haemangiosarcoma
d) Neuroendocrine tumour
9) A but B is the most common malignant neoplasia
10) Using CEUS, how do malignant nodules usually appear in the liver?
a) Isoechoic to surrounding normal liver during peak normal liver perfusion
b) Hypoechoic to surrounding normal liver during peak normal liver perfusion
c) Hyperechoic to surrounding normal liver during peak normal liver perfusion
d) Hypointense to surrounding normal liver during peak normal liver perfusion
b
11) The most common causes for generalized splenomegaly in a cat are…
a) FIP
b) Toxoplasma
c) Lymphosarcoma
d) Mast cell infiltration
c,d
12) The most common causes of splenic lesions in dogs are…
a) Haemangiosarcoma
b) Haematoma
c) Hyperplastic nodules
d) Mast cell infiltration
b,c
15) Which of the following has NOT been associated with the gallbladder changes in the below radiograph?
a) Cystic mucinous hyperplasia
b) Gallbladder carcinoma
c) Cholecystitis
d) Leptospirosis
D
16) Which of these differentials would you put first for this 2-year-old dog from continental Europe?
a) Hepatic abscess
b) Hepatobiliary cyst
c) Hepatocellular carcinoma
d) Echinococcosis
16) D. Potential differential diagnoses for AE lesions encompass hepatobiliary cysts, abscesses, nodular hyperplastic lesions, and various liver neoplasms such as hepatic adenomas, cystadenomas, hepatocellular carcinomas, cystadenocarcinomas, primary and metastatic hemangiosarcomas
17) What is your top differential for a 6-year-old Burmese cat with raised liver enzymes, pre regenerative anaimia, hepatomegaly with a heterogenous mottled echotexture and a moderate volume echogenic peritoneal effusion?
a) Hepatic lipidosis
b) Amyloidosis
c) Chronic hepatitis
d) Mast cell infiltration
B
18) Which of the following can be enlarged in acromegalic cats?
a) Liver and pancreas
b) Kidneys and spleen
c) Liver and kidneys
d) All the above
D
19) What is the prevalence of this appearance of the spleen in cats and what is the most likely diagnosis?
a) 6.8%, non- neoplastic causes most likely
b) 23.4% non- neoplastic causes most likely
c) 6.8%, neoplastic causes most likely
d) 23.4% neoplastic causes most likely
A
20) Reticulonodular pattern of the spleen was most marked in dogs or what age?
a) 0-12 weeks
b) 16-24 weeks
c) 28-36 weeks
d) 36-44 weeks
C
- Which breed of dog typically has a smaller liver length ratio?
a) Poodles
b) Pekingese
c) German Shepherds
d) Labradors
B
. Typical gallbladder volume in dogs calculated in US (length × width × height × 0.52)
1.5 ml/kg
2 ml / kg
0.5 ml/ kg
1 ml / kg
1ml/kg
How is the appearance of a focal chronic splenic infarction?
Hypoechoic with sharp margination
Hyperechoic with rounded margination
Hyperechoic with sharp margination
Hypoechoic with sharp margination
Hyperechoic with sharp margination
Which condition is false regarding DDx of diffuse increase in splenic echogenicity?
Chronic vascular compromise
Infection
Diffuse extramedullary hematopoiesis
Splenic torsion
splenic torsion
Which of the following drugs groups has been reported in Thrall as causing splenomegaly with no associated change in echogenicity
Phenothiazine
Iminipem
Ketoconazole
Selegiline
Pheno
