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Anatomy > Thoracic Cavity > Flashcards

Thoracic Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the cardiac notch?

A

4th intercostal space

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2
Q

Where is the basal (caudal) border of the lung in dogs?

A

Dorsal - 10th intercostal space
Ventral - 6-7th intercostal spaces

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3
Q

The right lung has how many lobes? List them

A

4
Cranial, caudal, middle, accessory

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4
Q

What is the term of a groove, cleft, or space in an organ where blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves and other ducts enter or exit through it?

A

Hilus

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5
Q

The left lung has how many lobes? List them.

A

2
Cranial and caudal

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6
Q

True or false: the cranial lobe of the left lung is split into cranial and caudal parts.

A

True

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7
Q

What passes through the hilus of the left lung?

A

Bronchi pulmonary arteries, pulmonary vessels, pulmonary veins

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8
Q

Where is the apex of the heart (left ventricle) located?

A

5-6th intercostal space on the left side of the thorax

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9
Q

What is the space between the caudal border of the lungs and caudal border of the diaphragm called?

A

Costodiaphragmatic recess

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10
Q

How many C shaped hyaline cartilages form the skeleton of the trachea?

A

35

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11
Q

What is the name of the ridge of the last tracheal cartilage?

A

Carina

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12
Q

At the tracheal bifurcation, the bronchial tree splits into what?

A

Right and left bronchus (primary bronchi)

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13
Q

The primary bronchi of the bronchial tree spit into what?

A

Lobar bronchi (secondary bronchi)

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14
Q

The lobar bronchi of the bronchial tree split into what?

A

Segmental bronchi (tertiary bronchi)

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15
Q

What connects the lungs to mediastinum and stabilizes caudal lung lobes?

A

Pulmonary ligaments

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16
Q

In the dog, the tunica muscularis of the esophagus is composed entirely of what throughout its length?

A

Skeletal muscle

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17
Q

In the tunica muscularis of the cat, there is a transition from _____ to _____ muscle as the esophagus courses causally from pharynx to cardia of the stomach.

A

Skeletal to smooth

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18
Q

What muscle type is the predominant type found in the caudal 1/3 of the esophagus in cats?

A

Smooth muscle

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19
Q

What are the three branches of the aorta?

A

Ascending aorta, descending aorta, and aortic arch

20
Q

What vessels branch off the ascending aorta?

A

Coronary arteries

21
Q

What vessels branch off the descending aorta?

A

Bronchoesophageal artery and dorsal intercostal arteries

22
Q

What vessels branch off the aortic arch?

A

Brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery

23
Q

What vessels branch off the Brachiocephalic trunk ?

A

Left common carotid artery, right common carotid artery, and right subclavian artery

24
Q

What vessels branch off the right and left subclavian arteries?

A

Vertebral artery, costocervical trunk, superficial cervical artery, axillary artery, and internal thoracic artery

25
Q

Dorsal intercostal arteries 1-3 arise from?

A

Costocervical trunk

26
Q

Dorsal intercostal arteries 4-13 arise from?

A

Aorta

27
Q

The ventral intercostal arteries arise from?

A

Internal thoracic artery

28
Q

True or false: the dorsal and ventral intercostal arteries anastomose.

A

True

29
Q

List the veins of the thoracic cavity.

A

Cranial and caudal vena cava, azygos vein, Costocervical vein, Brachiocephalic vein, internal thoracic vein

30
Q

The azygos vein drains where?

A

Into cranial vena cava or right atrium

31
Q

The azygos vein collects blood from?

A

Dorsal intercostal veins

32
Q

True or false: only the right azygos vein develops in the dog and cat (usually).

A

True

33
Q

Dorsal intercostal veins drain where?

A

Into azygos vein

34
Q

Ventral intercostal veins drain where?

A

Into internal thoracic vein

35
Q

True or false: dorsal and ventral intercostal veins anastomose.

A

True

36
Q

What structure carries lymph from cisterna chyli to the venous system cranial to the heart?

A

Thoracic duct

37
Q

The thoracic duct runs with what vessels?

A

Aorta and azygos vein collects blood

38
Q

The thoracic duct follows the esophagus where?

A

To thoracic inlet

39
Q

What is the thin, loose fold of pleura that surrounds the caudal vena cava and right phrenic nerve?

A

Plica vena cava

40
Q

The intermediate lobe of the right lung sits in what space formed by the plica vena cava and mediastinum?

A

Mediastinal space

41
Q

What is the median partition in the thorax that is the space between the right and left pleural sacs?

A

Mediastinum

42
Q

Is the mediastinum symmetrical? Explain.

A

No
Deflected to the left in certain places due to larger right lung

43
Q

What structures does the mediastinum contain?

A

Heart, trachea, esophagus, lymph nodes, thymus, vessels, nerves

44
Q

What are the three regions of the mediastinum?

A

Cranial, middle, caudal

45
Q

The mediastinum is bound by what?

A

Connective tissue and pleura

46
Q

What structure connects each ring of the trachea?

A

Annular ligaments

47
Q

What structure closes the opening of each C ring of the trachea?

A

Trachealis muscle

Anatomy (18 decks)

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