Vision Flashcards
The organ of vision consists of?
- eyeball (bulbus oculi)
- adnexa
The adnexa includes what structures?
- eyelids
- ocular muscles
- lacrimal apparatus
In dogs, the bony process lateral to the orbit are separated and joined together by?
the orbital ligament
In cats, the bony processes lateral to the orbit are what?
very close or fused
What are the bony processes lateral to the orbit?
- zygomatic process of frontal bone
- frontal process of zygomatic bone
The straight line passing through both poles of the eyeball is known as?
optic axis
The line equidistant from the poles of the eyeball is known as?
equator
What tunic of the eyeball gives form to and protects the eyeball?
external fibrous tunic
What tunic of the eyeball contains blood vessels and smooth muscle, nutrition of the eyeball and the regulation of the shape of the lens and size of the pupil?
middle vascular tunic
What tunic of the eyeball is responsible for translation of visual stimuli into nerve impulses?
internal nervous tunic
The external fibrous tunic includes what structures of the eye?
- cornea
- sclera
What is the outermost transparent layer of the eye that helps focus light and protect the eye, and forms about one quarter of the fibrous tunic?
cornea
What is the white, fibrous tissue that covers the outside of the eye, extending from the cornea to the optic nerve?
sclera
What is the border between the cornea and sclera?
limbus
The cornea’s nerves are responsible for what?
- sensation of touch, pain, and temperature
- reflexes (trigger blink reflex and tear production)
- help with wound healing
The middle vascular tunic is also known as?
uvea
The middle vascular tunic (uvea) consists of what structures?
- iris
- ciliary body
- choroid
What is responsible for adjusting the size of the pupil, and divides the space between the lens and cornea into anterior and posterior chambers that communicate through the pupil?
iris
The anterior and posterior chambers are filled with what?
aqueous humor
The iris contains how many layers of smooth muscles?
two
The sphincter of the pupil causes what?
miosis via GVE parasympathetic (constriction)
The dilator of the pupil causes what?
mydriasis via GVE sympathetic (dilation)