Abdominal Cavity

Question 1

What are the parietal branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 1

Lumbar arteries, phrenicoabdominal arteries, deep circumflex iliac arteries

Question 2

What are the visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 2

Celiac artery, cranial mesenteric artery, Renal arteries, testicular or ovarian arteries, caudal mesenteric artery

Question 3

The phrenicoabdominal arteries supply what?

Answer 3

Diaphragm and abdominal lateral wall muscles in the cranial half of the abdomen

Question 4

Lumbar arteries supply what?

Answer 4

Sublumbar muscles, vertebrae, epaxial muscles, spinal cord, and dorsal tissues

Question 5

Lumbar arteries originate dorsal to what?

Answer 5

Aorta

Question 6

The deep circumflex iliac arteries supply what?

Answer 6

Sublumbar muscles and abdominal lateral wall muscles in the caudal half of the abdomen

Question 7

The deep circumflex iliac arteries anastomose with what vessels?

Answer 7

Pelvic limb vessels

Question 8

What arteries supply the GI tract, pancreas, and spleen?

Answer 8

Visceral branches of abdominal aorta:
Celiac artery, cranial mesenteric artery, caudal mesenteric artery

Question 9

What are the three branches of the celiac artery?

Answer 9

Hepatic artery, left gastric artery, and splenic artery

Question 10

What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?

Answer 10

External iliac arteries, internal iliac arteries, median sacral artery

Question 11

The external iliac arteries mainly supply what?

Answer 11

The pelvic limb

Question 12

The internal iliac arteries mainly supply what?

Answer 12

Pelvic organs

Question 13

The median sacral artery supplies what and then continues into the tail?

Answer 13

Sacrum

Question 14

What are the hypaxial Sublumbar muscles?

Answer 14

Quadratus lumborum muscle, psoas minor muscle, psoas major muscle, iliacus muscle

Question 15

Describe the formation of the iliopsoas muscle.

Answer 15

Formed by the fusion of psoas major and iliacus muscles

Question 16

The celiac artery supplies what?

Answer 16

Stomach, spleen, liver, pancreas, duodenum

Question 17

The cranial mesenteric artery supplies what?

Answer 17

Small and large intestine, pancreas

Question 18

The Renal arteries supply what?

Answer 18

Kidneys and perirenal tissues

Question 19

The testicular / ovarian arteries supply what?

Answer 19

Testicle, epididymis, ductus deferens/ ovary, uterine tube, cranial part of uterine horn

Question 20

The caudal mesenteric artery supplies what?

Answer 20

Descending colon, rectum

Question 21

Describe the cranial and caudal epigastric arteries. Include their origins and the tissue/organs they supply

Answer 21

Two arteries that supply the mammary glands and anastomose in the umbilical area
Cranial originates from internal thoracic artery
Caudal originates from external pudendal artery

Question 22

In what vein does the left testicular vein / left ovarian vein open into?

Answer 22

Left renal vein

Question 23

Explain the concept of the portal vein.

Answer 23

Organs drained via the portal vein, the blood enters the liver and then using the hepatic veins to connect with the caudal vena cava

Question 24

Can hepatic veins be seen without dissecting away the hepatic tissue around it?

Answer 24

No
They do not have an extrahepatic portion

Question 25

The hepatic veins join what vessel before it crosses over into the diaphragm?

Answer 25

Caudal vena cava

Question 26

How does the lymphatic fluid contained into the cisterna chyli continue traveling in the thoracic cavity and later join with the vein system close to the thoracic inlet?

Answer 26

Fluid contained in the cisterna chyli travels through the thoracic cavity via the thoracic duct which ascends through the thorax and eventually empties into the venous system at the junction of the left jugular and subclavian veins near the thoracic inlet

Question 27

What territories/organs end into the cisterna chyli?

Answer 27

Lower extremities, intra-abdominal organs, kidneys, and abdominal wall

Question 28

What veins drain into the caudal vena cava?

Answer 28

Lumbar veins, deep circumflex iliac veins, common iliac veins, hepatic veins, phrenicoabdominal veins, renal veins, right testicular or ovarian veins

Question 29

What veins join together to form the common iliac veins?

Answer 29

External and internal iliac veins

Question 30

What vessel is closer to the right kidney? The left kidney?

Answer 30

Right - caudal vena cava
Left - aorta

Question 31

What organs are drained by the portal vein?

Answer 31

Spleen, pancreas, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine