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Anatomy > CN V and VII > Flashcards

CN V and VII Flashcards

1
Q

What autonomic ganglia has post synaptic fibers that innervate intrinsic muscles of the eye?

A

ciliary ganglion (oculomotor nerve)

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2
Q

What autonomic ganglia has post synaptic fibers that innervate lacrimal, nasal, and palatine glands?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion (facial nerve)

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3
Q

What autonomic ganglia has post synaptic fibers that innervate sublingual and mandibular salivary glands?

A

mandibular ganglion (facial nerve)

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4
Q

What autonomic ganglia has post synaptic fibers that innervate parotid and zygomatic salivary glands?

A

otic ganglion (glossopharyngeal nerve)

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5
Q

What autonomic ganglia is located in walls of thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic viscera?

A

terminal ganglia (vagus nerve and branches)

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6
Q

What is the afferent ganglia of the trigeminal nerve called?

A

sensory (semilunar) ganglion

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7
Q

What is the afferent ganglia of the facial nerve called?

A

geniculate ganglion

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8
Q

What is the afferent ganglia of the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve called?

A

vestibular ganglia

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9
Q

What is the afferent ganglia of the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve called?

A

spiral ganglia

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10
Q

What is the afferent ganglia of the glossopharyngeal nerve called?

A

petrosal ganglion

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11
Q

What are the afferent ganglia of the vagus nerve called?

A
  • proximal (jugular) ganglion
  • distal (nodose) ganglion
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12
Q

What nerve is sensory from the nasal mucosa, nose, eyes, superior palpebrae, M/L commissures of eye, scalp, and forehead?

A

Opthalamic nerve V1

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13
Q

What nerve is sensory from nasal mucosa, nose, lateral commissure of eye, upper teeth, gum, lip, and nose?

A

maxillary nerve V2

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14
Q

What nerve is sensory from ear, face, cheek, tongue, lower teeth, gum, and lip AND is motor to muscles of mastication?

A

mandibular nerve V3

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15
Q

What nerve is the major source of sensory innervation of the head?

A

trigeminal nerve

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16
Q

The trigeminal ganglion is a sensory ganglion, comprised of what?

A

sensory (unipolar) neuron cell bodies

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17
Q

The motor component of the trigeminal nerve originates from what?

A

the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve

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18
Q

The motor component of the trigeminal nerve distributes via what to the muscles of mastication?

A

the mandibular branch

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19
Q

What are the muscles of mastication?

A
  • temporalis muscle
  • masseter muscle
  • digastricus muscle, rostral part
  • lateral pterygoid muscle
  • medial pterygoid muscle
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20
Q

Each division of the trigeminal nerve leaves the cranium via a separate opening. The opthalamic nerve exits the cranium via?

A

the orbital fissure

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21
Q

Each division of the trigeminal nerve leaves the cranium via a separate opening. The maxillary nerve exits the cranium via?

A

the round foramen which opens into the alar canal

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22
Q

Each division of the trigeminal nerve leaves the cranium via a separate opening. The mandibular nerve exits the cranium via?

A

the oval foramen

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23
Q

After leaving the cranium through their designated foramina, each division of the trigeminal nerve gives off several branches. What are the branches of the opthalamic nerve?

A
  • nasociliary nerve
  • frontal nerve
  • lacrimal nerve
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24
Q

After leaving the cranium through their designated foramina, each division of the trigeminal nerve gives off several branches. What are the branches of the maxillary nerve?

A
  • zygomatic nerve
  • infraorbital nerve
  • pterygopalatine nerve
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25
Q

After leaving the cranium through their designated foramina, each division of the trigeminal nerve gives off several branches. What are the branches of the mandibular nerve?

A
  • buccal nerve
  • lingual nerve
  • inferior alveolar nerve
  • masticatory branches
  • mylohyoid nerve
  • auriculotemporal nerve
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26
Q

What branch of the nasociliary nerve courses with the optic nerve to innervate the eyeball and is afferent from corneal epithelium ad bulbar conjunctiva?

A

long ciliary nerve

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27
Q

What branch of the nasociliary nerve enters the cranium via the ethmoidal foramen and then passes through the cribriform plate and into the nasal cavity, and is afferent from nasal mucosa and skin of nose?

A

ethmoidal nerve

28
Q

What branch of the nasociliary nerve is afferent from medial canthus/commissure of the eye?

A

infratrochlear nerve

29
Q

The nasociliary nerve transmits post ganglionic sympathetic axons from the cranial cervical ganglion to?

A

the dilator muscles of the pupil

30
Q

What opthalamic nerve branch is afferent from rostral frontal region and upper eyelid?

A

frontal nerve

31
Q

What opthalamic nerve branch supplies autonomic innervation to the lacrimal gland and supplies sensory innervation to the conjunctiva of upper eyelid?

A

lacrimal nerve

32
Q

How does the lacrimal nerve supply autonomic innervation to the lacrimal gland?

A
  • post ganglionic PSNS axons from the pterygopalatine ganglion CN VIII join the lacrimal nerve
  • post ganglionic SNS axons from cranial cervical ganglion
33
Q

What are the sensory zones of the nasociliary nerve?

A
  • nasal mucosa, skin of muzzle (ethmoidal nerve; overlap zone with maxillary nerve)
  • medial acanthus/commissure (infratrochlear nerve), internal eye including cornea (long ciliary nerve)
34
Q

What are the sensory zones of the frontal nerve?

A

rostral frontal region, upper eyelid

35
Q

What branch of the maxilary nerve divides into two branches within the orbit and supplies sensory innervation to skin over zygomatic arch, caudal frontal region, and inferior eyelid?

A

zygomatic nerve

36
Q

What are the two branches of the zygomatic nerve?

A
  • zygomaticotemporal nerve
  • zygomaticofacial nerve
37
Q

What branch of the maxillary nerve goes through the infraorbital canal and supplies sensory from upper teeth, gums, lip, and nose?

A

infraorbital nerve

38
Q

What branch of the maxillary nerve arises from the ventral aspect of the maxillary nerve near the pterygopalatine ganglion, divides into three nerves, and is sensory from caudal nasal region and palate?

A

pterygopalatine nerve

39
Q

The pterygopalatine nerve divides into what three nerves?

A
  • major and minor palatine nerves
  • caudal nasal nerves
40
Q

What ganglion is an autonomic ganglion affiliated with the facial nerve and supplies parasympathetic innervation to glands of the head (lacrimal, nasal, palatine)?

A

pterygopalatine ganglion

41
Q

What is the sensory zone of the zygomatic nerve?

A
  • skin over zygomatic arch
  • caudal frontal region
  • lower eyelid
  • lateral canthus/commissure of eye
42
Q

What is the sensory zone of the infraorbital nerve?

A
  • upper lip
  • nose
  • upper teeth and gums
43
Q

What is the sensory zone of the pterygopalatine nerve?

A

latale and caudal nasal region

44
Q

What branch of the mandibular nerve crosses the medial pterygoid muscle and enters the cheeck, lateral to the zygomatic salivary gland and is sensory to mucosa and skin of cheek?

A

buccal nerve

45
Q

What branch of the mandibular nerve is the largest and most rostral of the three branches, is sensory from tongue, and joines with the chorda tympani nerve to supply taste sensation from the rostral 2/3 of the tongue?

A

lingual nerve

46
Q

What branch of the mandibular nerve goes through the mandibular canal and is sensory from lower teeth, gums, and lip?

A

inferior alveolar nerve

47
Q

What branch of the mandibular nerve is motor to rostral belly of diagstricus muscle and mylohyoid muscle and is sensory to skin between mandibles?

A

mylohyoid nerve

48
Q

What three branches of the mandibular nerve are located medical to the coronoid process of the mandible, and cross from dorsal to ventral over the medial pterygoid muscle?

A
  • lingual nerve
  • inferior alveolar nerve
  • mylohyoid nerve
49
Q

What branches of the mandibular nerve are motor to the muscles of mastication?

A

masticatory branches

50
Q

What branch of the mandibular nerve is immediately adjacent to the auriculopalpebral branch of the facial nerve and is sensory from skin of temporal, zygomatic, and masseteric regions, as well as skin of external ear?

A

auriculotemporal nerve

51
Q

What is the sensory zone of the buccal nerve?

A

cheek

52
Q

What is the sensory zone of the lingual nerve?

A

tongue

53
Q

What is the sensory zone of the inferior alveolar nerve?

A
  • mental nerves
  • teeth, lip
54
Q

What is the sensory zone of the mylohyoid nerve?

A

intermandibular region

55
Q

What is the sensory zone of the auriculotemporal nerve?

A
  • external ear
  • temporal, zygomatic, and masseteric regions
56
Q

What nerve is a mixed nerve, but is mostly motor to the muscles of facial expression and is important for maintenance of facial tone?

A

facial nerve

57
Q

What nerve passes through the facial canal, is motor to facial muscles, stapedius muscle, and caudal part of digastricus muscle, is autonomic PSNS to glands of the head, and senses taste from rostral 2/3 of tongue?

A

facial nerve

58
Q

What branch of facial nerve is motor to muscles of facial expression?

A

dorsal and ventral buccal branches

59
Q

What branch of the facial nerve is motor to muscles of facial expression, including rostral auricular muscles?

A

auriculopalpebral nerve

60
Q

What branch of the facial nerve senses taste from rostral 2/3 of tongue and merges with lingual nerve?

A

chorda tympani nerve

61
Q

What are the facial nerve pathways of autonomic PSNS to glands of the head?

A
  1. major petrosal nerve –> pterygopalatine ganglion –> lacrimal nerve
  2. chorda tympani nerve –> lingual nerve –> mandibular and sublingual ganglia
62
Q

What is the sensory zone of the facial nerve?

A

sensory to concave aspect of auricle and majority of ear canal

63
Q

Taste is process by which cranial nerves?

A
  • facial nerve CN VII
  • glossopharyngeal nerve CN IX
  • vagus nerve (CN X)
64
Q

What are ways to test the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • touch medial and lateral canthus to see if reflex / response occurs
  • look for atrophy of the temporalis and masseter muscles; check tone of lower jaw
  • touch nares to see if reflex / response occurs
  • touch and/or pinch lower and upper lips to see if reflex / response occurs
65
Q

What would a lesion of CN VII look like?

A
  • decreased / absent facial muscle tone
  • deviated philtrum
  • holding of food in the buccal vestibule with resultant foul smell from the mouth
  • decreased appetite
  • decreased / absent palpebral reflex
  • decreased / absent facial mscule reflex when upper/lower lips are pinched
66
Q

What would a lesion of CN V look like?

A

Opthalamic:
- decreased / absent corneal reflex
- decreased / absent palpebral reflex when touching the upper eyelid and the medual canthas of eye

Maxillary:
- decreased / absent reflex / response when pinching upper lip
- decreased / absent palpebral reflex when touching the lower eyelid and the lateral canthas of eye

Mandibular:
- decreased / absent reflex / response when touching and/or pinching lower lip
- decreased / absent ability to close the mouth, poor jaw tone

Anatomy (29 decks)

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