Thiazide Diuretics Flashcards
What part of the nephron do Thiazide diuretics work at and how do they work ?
They work at the distal convoluted tubule and inhibit the sodium-chloride transporter. This keeps sodium within the filtrate and therefore more water. Less sodium is reabsorbed into the blood.
The distal convoluted tubule only accounts for about __________ of sodium reabsorption.
5-7%
Are thiazide diuretics as strong as loop diuretics ?
No, they are weaker. They don’t act in the part of the nephron that accounts for most of the sodium reabsorption so they don’t have as significant of a diuretic effect.
Thiazide diuretics are less effective in patients that have a compromised ____________
glomerular filtration rate
Give examples of thiazide diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide Indapamide Chlorothiazide Metolazone Chlorthalidone
Thiazide diuretics prevent ______ and ______ from going back into the blood from the filtrate by inhibiting the __________________ cotransporter.
sodium; chloride; sodium chloride
Something we have to watch out for with thiazide diuretics is ___________calcemia, because by messing with the sodium chloride cotransporters, we enhance the action of Trpv5 channels, which help in absorbing calcium
hyper
Thiazide diuretics can cause ___________kalemia
hypo
Thiazide diuretics can cause ________glycemia and ____________uricemia
hyperglycemia; hyperuricemia
what are thiazide diuretics used for?
Hypertension
Heart Failure (may be used with Ace inhibitors)
Renal Calculi
Nursing responsibilities for patients on Thiazide diuretics
Look out for dehydration
I & O’s
Daily weights
Monitor Labs
watch out for hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia
Hypokalemia can lead to D_g_x_n toxicity
Digoxin
when sodium levels drop if a patient is taking Lithium, it can increase the risk of ___________
Lithium toxicity
Avoid giving diuretics at ___________
night
Teach the patient taking diuretics to change their positions _________ because we are altering the fluid status within their body
slowly
