Mechanical Ventilation

Question 1

the longer a patient stays on mechanical ventilation, the harder it is to wean off of it. TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 1

TRUE

just like anything that is sedentary, when your diaphragm isn’t moving or exercising, it will atrophy

Question 2

the volume of air that the client receives with each breath

Answer 2

Tidal Volume

Question 3

Room air is ____________% oxygen

Answer 3

21

Question 4

We want the FiO2 as close to ___________ as possible. Patients that are sicker have higher FiO2s

Answer 4

room air

Question 5

You can actually tell how sick a patient is just by looking at the _______________ settings, such as their Fi02. You know if it is 80%, there is some disease going on

Answer 5

ventilator

Question 6

What is PEEP ?

Answer 6

A ventilatory maneuver used in order to improve patients Pa02, or oxygenation, without increasing their Fi02.

Positive End Expiratory Pressure - it keeps the alveoli open at end exhalation. It increases the functional residual capacity. Increasing the air or pressure within the alveoli at end exhalation gives more surface for gas exchange, gives the alveoli more time for gas exchange.

It helps keep alveoli propped open without increasing the FiO2.

Question 7

________ and ______________ are the two maneuvers on the ventilator settings that can improve oxygenation

Answer 7

PEEP; FiO2

Question 8

Functional Residual Capacity

Answer 8

Air/Pressure left in the alveoli at end exhalation

Question 9

this is the mode with the most support

Answer 9

assist control

Question 10

tells you how much pressure it took to deliver the set tidal volume

Answer 10

peak airway inspiratory volume

Question 11

Monitoring peak airway inspiratory pressure reflects changes in _____________ of the lungs and resistance in the ventilator or client

Answer 11

compliance

Question 12

Which mode supports the patients own ventilatory efforts better- assist control or SIMV?

Answer 12

SIMV

Question 13

if the heart rate is tachycardic that is compensatory. true or false

Answer 13

true

Question 14

BIPAP is really a combination of:

Answer 14

CPAP and Pressure Support

Question 15

When your patient on a mechanical ventilator starts to show signs of alveolar hyperventilation, CO2 decreased, what maneuver is necessary to alter?

Answer 15

The respiratory rate setting - number of breaths being delivered is too much

Question 16

CPAP

Answer 16

continuous positive airway pressure

it is “PEEP” for patients breathing spontaneously

it improves gas exchange, increases functional residual capacity

Question 17

what is pressure support?

Answer 17

decreases the work of breathing

Question 18

CPAP and pressure support are ___________ maneuvers

Answer 18

weaning

Question 19

high and low pressure alarm limits are set so

Answer 19

we know when the pressure in the airway exceeds what we set it at

patient biting the tube, secretions are obstructing

Question 20

The ventilator also warms, humidifies, and filters the air. TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

For a client receiving mechanical ventilation, always assess the ________ first and then assess the ______________

Answer 21

client; ventilator

Question 22

If a cause for an alarm cannot be determined, we should……………

Answer 22

ventilate the client manually with a resuscitation bag until the problem is corrected

Question 23

What are some causes of high pressure alarms ?

Answer 23

increased secretions in the airway
wheezing or bronchospasm is causing decreased airway size
the endotracheal tube is displaced
the ventilator tube is obstructed because of water or a kink in the tubing
client coughs, gags, or bites on the oral endotracheal tube
client is anxious or fights the ventilator

Question 24

What are some causes of low pressure alarms?

Answer 24

Disconnection or leak in the ventilator or in the clients airway cuff occurs

the client stops spontaneous breathing

Question 25

Complications of mechanical ventilation

Answer 25

Hypotension (caused by the application of positive pressure)
Respiratory complications such as pneumothorax or subcutaneous emphysema as a result of positive pressure
GI alterations such as stress ulcers
Malnutrition if nutrition is not maintained
infections
muscular deconditioning
ventilator dependence or inability to wean

Question 26

A high-pressure alarm occurs if the amount of pressure needed for ventilating a client _____________ the preset amount.

Answer 26

exceeds