Mechanical Ventilation Flashcards
the longer a patient stays on mechanical ventilation, the harder it is to wean off of it. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
just like anything that is sedentary, when your diaphragm isn’t moving or exercising, it will atrophy
the volume of air that the client receives with each breath
Tidal Volume
Room air is ____________% oxygen
21
We want the FiO2 as close to ___________ as possible. Patients that are sicker have higher FiO2s
room air
You can actually tell how sick a patient is just by looking at the _______________ settings, such as their Fi02. You know if it is 80%, there is some disease going on
ventilator
What is PEEP ?
A ventilatory maneuver used in order to improve patients Pa02, or oxygenation, without increasing their Fi02.
Positive End Expiratory Pressure - it keeps the alveoli open at end exhalation. It increases the functional residual capacity. Increasing the air or pressure within the alveoli at end exhalation gives more surface for gas exchange, gives the alveoli more time for gas exchange.
It helps keep alveoli propped open without increasing the FiO2.
________ and ______________ are the two maneuvers on the ventilator settings that can improve oxygenation
PEEP; FiO2
Functional Residual Capacity
Air/Pressure left in the alveoli at end exhalation
this is the mode with the most support
assist control
tells you how much pressure it took to deliver the set tidal volume
peak airway inspiratory volume
Monitoring peak airway inspiratory pressure reflects changes in _____________ of the lungs and resistance in the ventilator or client
compliance
Which mode supports the patients own ventilatory efforts better- assist control or SIMV?
SIMV
if the heart rate is tachycardic that is compensatory. true or false
true
BIPAP is really a combination of:
CPAP and Pressure Support
When your patient on a mechanical ventilator starts to show signs of alveolar hyperventilation, CO2 decreased, what maneuver is necessary to alter?
The respiratory rate setting - number of breaths being delivered is too much
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
it is “PEEP” for patients breathing spontaneously
it improves gas exchange, increases functional residual capacity
what is pressure support?
decreases the work of breathing
CPAP and pressure support are ___________ maneuvers
weaning
high and low pressure alarm limits are set so
we know when the pressure in the airway exceeds what we set it at
patient biting the tube, secretions are obstructing
The ventilator also warms, humidifies, and filters the air. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
For a client receiving mechanical ventilation, always assess the ________ first and then assess the ______________
client; ventilator
If a cause for an alarm cannot be determined, we should……………
ventilate the client manually with a resuscitation bag until the problem is corrected
What are some causes of high pressure alarms ?
increased secretions in the airway
wheezing or bronchospasm is causing decreased airway size
the endotracheal tube is displaced
the ventilator tube is obstructed because of water or a kink in the tubing
client coughs, gags, or bites on the oral endotracheal tube
client is anxious or fights the ventilator
What are some causes of low pressure alarms?
Disconnection or leak in the ventilator or in the clients airway cuff occurs
the client stops spontaneous breathing
Complications of mechanical ventilation
Hypotension (caused by the application of positive pressure)
Respiratory complications such as pneumothorax or subcutaneous emphysema as a result of positive pressure
GI alterations such as stress ulcers
Malnutrition if nutrition is not maintained
infections
muscular deconditioning
ventilator dependence or inability to wean
A high-pressure alarm occurs if the amount of pressure needed for ventilating a client _____________ the preset amount.
exceeds
