Lung Auscultation & Assesment Flashcards
How many lobes does the right lung have ?
3 lobes The horizontal fissure separates the upper and the middle lobe. The oblique fissure separates the middle and the lower lobe.
How many lobes does the left lung have ?
Two lobes
What are we listening for when we auscultate lung sounds ?
Listen for a full cycle of inspiration &; expiration. - Pitch - high, medium or low - Sound quality duration - is inspiration longer than expiration or vice versa or are they equal - Are there any adventitious sounds on inspiration or expiration
When listening to lung sounds posteriorly, to make it easier for us, we should have the patient ________shoulder blades
separate - have patient move arms forward in your lap
When listening to the lungs at the 4th and 5th intercostal space on the right lung, you are listening to which lobe ?
The right middle lobe
From C7 to T3, are located the _____________ lobes of both the right and left lung
upper
T3-T10 allows us to assess our _______ lobes
lower
What are the 3 types of normal breath sounds?
Bronchial, Vesicular, bronchovesicular
heard anteriorly only over the tracheal area, high pitch and loud, inspiration is slightly shorter than expiration
Bronchial breath sounds
TRUE OR FALSE
It is normal to hear bronchial sounds in the peripheral lung fields.
FALSE
It is abnormal to hear bronchial sounds in the peipheral lung fields. If found, it could represent lung consolidation (pneumonia)
these normal lungs sounds are heard both anteriorly & exteriorly. (1st & 2nd intercostal space anteriorly & in between scapula posteriorly)
inspiration = expiration
medium pitch
bronchovesicular
these normal lung sounds can be heard both anteriorly & posteriorly.
inspiration>expiration - there is a 3:1 ratio with inspiration 3 times longer than expiration.
heard throughout the peripheral lung fields
low pitch, soft, gentle rustling sounds
vesicular breath sounds
Abnormal breath sounds are separated between
continuous & noncontinuous
These are extra sounds heard MORE than 0.2 second during a full respiration cycle
continuous abnormal breath sound
Another word for wheeze is
rhonchi
another word for crackles is
rales
High Pitched, Polyphonic Wheeze
Auscultated mainly in expiration but may be present during inspiration
Sounds like a high-pitched musical instrument with MORE than one type of sound quality
May be heard in patients with asthma
Low-pitched, Monophonic Wheeze
Auscultated mainly in expiration but may be present at anytime
Sounds like a low-pitched whistling tune or whine with ONE type of sound quality
May be heard in patients with COPD or pneumonia etc.
STRIDOR
Auscultated during inspiration
high-pitched whistling or gasping sound with harsh sound quality
May be seen in children with conditions such as croup or epiglottitis or anyone with an airway obstruction etc.
These are extra sounds heard LESS than 0.2 seconds during a full respiration cycle.
Discontinuous Lung Sounds
Coarse Crackles:
Auscultated during inspiration and can extend into expiration as well
Low-pitched, wet bubbling sound
May be heard in patient with fluid overload, pneumonia etc.
compared to fine crackles, coarse crackles are lower in pitch, louder and last longer
Fine Crackles:
Crackles are also known as: rales
Auscultated during inspiration (DON’T CLEAR with COUGHING)
High-pitched, crackling sound that is similar to a fire crackling
May be heard in patients with edema in the lungs or ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome).
Pleural Friction Rub:
Auscultated during inspiration and expiration
Low-pitched/harsh grating sound
Patients may have pain when breathing in and out due to inflammation of pleural layers
May be heard in patients with pleuritis
Where are fine crackles best heard?
The base of the lungs
