Lung Auscultation & Assesment

Question 1

How many lobes does the right lung have ?

Answer 1

3 lobes The horizontal fissure separates the upper and the middle lobe. The oblique fissure separates the middle and the lower lobe.

Question 2

How many lobes does the left lung have ?

Answer 2

Two lobes

Question 3

What are we listening for when we auscultate lung sounds ?

Answer 3

Listen for a full cycle of inspiration &; expiration. - Pitch - high, medium or low - Sound quality duration - is inspiration longer than expiration or vice versa or are they equal - Are there any adventitious sounds on inspiration or expiration

Question 4

When listening to lung sounds posteriorly, to make it easier for us, we should have the patient ________shoulder blades

Answer 4

separate - have patient move arms forward in your lap

Question 5

When listening to the lungs at the 4th and 5th intercostal space on the right lung, you are listening to which lobe ?

Answer 5

The right middle lobe

Question 6

From C7 to T3, are located the _____________ lobes of both the right and left lung

Answer 6

upper

Question 7

T3-T10 allows us to assess our _______ lobes

Answer 7

lower

Question 8

What are the 3 types of normal breath sounds?

Answer 8

Bronchial, Vesicular, bronchovesicular

Question 9

heard anteriorly only over the tracheal area, high pitch and loud, inspiration is slightly shorter than expiration

Answer 9

Bronchial breath sounds

Question 10

TRUE OR FALSE

It is normal to hear bronchial sounds in the peripheral lung fields.

Answer 10

FALSE

It is abnormal to hear bronchial sounds in the peipheral lung fields. If found, it could represent lung consolidation (pneumonia)

Question 11

these normal lungs sounds are heard both anteriorly & exteriorly. (1st & 2nd intercostal space anteriorly & in between scapula posteriorly)

inspiration = expiration

medium pitch

Answer 11

bronchovesicular

Question 12

these normal lung sounds can be heard both anteriorly & posteriorly.

inspiration>expiration - there is a 3:1 ratio with inspiration 3 times longer than expiration.

heard throughout the peripheral lung fields

low pitch, soft, gentle rustling sounds

Answer 12

vesicular breath sounds

Question 13

Abnormal breath sounds are separated between

Answer 13

continuous & noncontinuous

Question 14

These are extra sounds heard MORE than 0.2 second during a full respiration cycle

Answer 14

continuous abnormal breath sound

Question 15

Another word for wheeze is

Answer 15

rhonchi

Question 16

another word for crackles is

Answer 16

rales

Question 17

High Pitched, Polyphonic Wheeze

Answer 17

Auscultated mainly in expiration but may be present during inspiration

Sounds like a high-pitched musical instrument with MORE than one type of sound quality

May be heard in patients with asthma

Question 18

Low-pitched, Monophonic Wheeze

Answer 18

Auscultated mainly in expiration but may be present at anytime

Sounds like a low-pitched whistling tune or whine with ONE type of sound quality

May be heard in patients with COPD or pneumonia etc.

Question 19

STRIDOR

Answer 19

Auscultated during inspiration

high-pitched whistling or gasping sound with harsh sound quality

May be seen in children with conditions such as croup or epiglottitis or anyone with an airway obstruction etc.

Question 20

These are extra sounds heard LESS than 0.2 seconds during a full respiration cycle.

Answer 20

Discontinuous Lung Sounds

Question 21

Coarse Crackles:

Answer 21

Auscultated during inspiration and can extend into expiration as well

Low-pitched, wet bubbling sound

May be heard in patient with fluid overload, pneumonia etc.

compared to fine crackles, coarse crackles are lower in pitch, louder and last longer

Question 22

Fine Crackles:

Crackles are also known as: rales

Answer 22

Auscultated during inspiration (DON’T CLEAR with COUGHING)

High-pitched, crackling sound that is similar to a fire crackling

May be heard in patients with edema in the lungs or ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome).

Question 23

Pleural Friction Rub:

Answer 23

Auscultated during inspiration and expiration

Low-pitched/harsh grating sound

Patients may have pain when breathing in and out due to inflammation of pleural layers

May be heard in patients with pleuritis

Question 24

Where are fine crackles best heard?

Answer 24

The base of the lungs