Theology part 2

Question 1

Question: Who developed the Five Proofs for the existence of God?

Answer 1

St. Thomas Aquinas.

Question 2

Question: What are the three parts of Aquinas’ “Summa Theologiae”?

Answer 2

Presence of God in Creation.
Presence of God in Grace (souls of the just).
Presence of God in Christ and the Mystical Body (the Church).

Question 3

What is the first argument in Aquinas’ Five Ways?

Answer 3

The Argument from Motion (Unmoved Mover): Everything in motion is moved by something else. There must be a first mover that is not moved by anything else—this is God.

Question 4

Which philosopher influenced the idea of the Unmoved Mover?

Answer 4

Aristotle.

Question 5

What biblical chapter supports the idea of God being known through creation?

Answer 5

Romans 1:20: “For since the creation of the world God’s invisible qualities—his eternal power and divine nature—have been clearly seen, being understood from what has been made.”

Question 6

What is the second argument in Aquinas’ Five Ways?

Answer 6

The Argument from Causation (Uncaused Cause): Every effect has a cause. There must be a first cause that is not caused by anything else—this is God.

Question 7

What is the third argument in Aquinas’ Five Ways?

Answer 7

The Argument from Contingency: All beings are contingent (they could exist or not). There must be a necessary being that exists by necessity—this is God.

Question 8

What biblical chapter connects to contingency and necessity?

Answer 8

Wisdom 13:1-9: Human reasoning can infer God’s existence from the natural world.

Question 9

What is the fourth argument in Aquinas’ Five Ways?

Answer 9

The Argument from Degrees of Perfection: There are varying degrees of qualities (goodness, perfection). There must be a being that is the ultimate standard of perfection—this is God.

Question 10

What is the fifth argument in Aquinas’ Five Ways?

Answer 10

The Argument from Design (Teleological Argument): The order and purpose in the universe imply a designer—this is God.

Question 11

What is teleology, and which philosopher influenced this idea?

Answer 11

Teleology is the study of purpose and design in nature, influenced by Aristotle.

Question 12

What does “Imago Dei” mean?

Answer 12

“Image of God” – Humans are created to reflect God’s nature (reason, morality, creativity, and relationships).

Question 13

What biblical chapter introduces the concept of Imago Dei?

Answer 13

Genesis 1:26-27: “Let us make mankind in our image, in our likeness.”

Question 14

What are the two aspects of human nature in theological anthropology?

Answer 14

Body (physical) and Soul (spiritual).

Question 15

What is the Christian perspective on the body and soul?

Answer 15

The body and soul
are integrated and equally valuable, created by God, and destined for resurrection.

Question 16

What is the concept of “free will” in theological anthropology?

Answer 16

Free will is the God-given ability to choose between good and evil, making humans morally responsible.

Question 17

How does free will connect to human dignity?

Answer 17

Free will reflects the image of God, allowing humans to act freely and morally, giving them inherent dignity.

Question 18

What is “Original Sin”?

Answer 18

Original sin is the inherited condition of sinfulness caused by Adam and Eve’s disobedience in the Garden of Eden.

Question 19

What biblical chapters discuss sin and its consequences?

Answer 19

Genesis 3: The Fall of Adam and Eve.
Romans 3:23: “For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.”

Question 20

What are the consequences of Original Sin?

Answer 20

Broken relationships with God, suffering, and death.

Question 21

What is “redemption”?

Answer 21

Redemption is Jesus restoring humanity’s broken relationship with God through his death and resurrection.

Question 22

What is “eschatology”?

Answer 22

Eschatology is the study of “last things,” including eternal life, resurrection, and unity with God.

Question 23

Who developed the concept of the “Unmoved Mover” and “Prime Mover”?

Answer 23

Aristotle.

Question 24

Who expanded Aristotle’s ideas into the Five Proofs of God’s existence?

Answer 24

St. Thomas Aquinas.

Question 25

Which philosopher emphasized teleology (final causes)?

Answer 25

Aristotle

Question 26

Which biblical writer emphasized humanity’s need for salvation through grace?

Answer 26

St. Paul, especially in Romans.

Question 27

Which biblical book emphasizes the Imago Dei in creation?

Answer 27

Genesis

Question 28

Which biblical book affirms natural knowledge of God through creation?

Answer 28

Wisdom

Question 29

How does the concept of Imago Dei impact ethics?

Answer 29

The concept of Imago Dei emphasizes that all humans are created in God’s image, which grounds the principles of human dignity, equality, and the obligation to treat others and creation with respect and care.

Question 30

How does theological anthropology address environmental concerns?

Answer 30

It views humans as stewards of creation, responsible for caring for the Earth as part of God’s plan.

Question 31

How does free will relate to modern ethical dilemmas?

Answer 31

Free will allows humans to make moral choices, emphasizing the importance of accountability and justice.

Question 32

How does theological anthropology respond to advances in technology (e.g., AI, biotechnology)?

Answer 32

It focuses on protecting human dignity and carefully thinking about the right and wrong of making changes to human life.