theology midterm Flashcards
1
Q
apostle to the gentiles
A
st. paul
2
Q
beloved disciple
A
st john
3
Q
divine processions
A
relationship between the father, son, and the holy spirit
4
Q
word made flesh
A
incarnation
5
Q
apostle to the jews
A
st john
6
Q
agape
A
love
7
Q
pentecost
A
birth of the church
8
Q
presbyteros
A
priest
9
Q
apologia
A
defense of the catholic faith
10
Q
didache
A
teaching
11
Q
the father is the _____ of the world, the son is the _____ and the holy spirit is the _____
A
source
savior
paraclete
12
Q
true or false: jesus’ teaching constitutes the deposit of faith
A
True
13
Q
true or false: the church has three dimensions - visible, spiritual, intellectual
A
False
14
Q
true or false: St. paul was the first apostle called
A
False
15
Q
true or false: all apostles but st james died as martyrs
A
false
16
Q
true or false: the church is the mystical body of christ and the temple of the holy spirit
A
true
17
Q
true or false: the nicene creed includes the four marks that correspond to the catholic church
A
true
18
Q
true or false: the canon of the bible was decided at the council of jerusalem
A
false
19
Q
true or false: the world apostle means one who is sent or called
A
true
20
Q
true or false: the church teaches scripture is authoritative apart from the teaching of the church
A
true
21
Q
true or false: jesus taught non violence and prayer in the face of persecution
A
true
22
Q
who is the supreme witness given to the truth of the faith
A
peter
23
Q
four marks of the church
A
one
holy
catholic
apostolic
24
Q
jesus inaugural event of the public ministry was his ______ in the _____ by st. john
A
baptism
river jordan
25
the church was anointed for her mission on the day of _____
Pentecost
26
the three synoptic gospels are
matthew
mark
luke
27
christ made ____ the head of the church
peter
28
at the _________ the church made a definitive statement regarding the canon of scriptures
council of jerusalem
29
the ___________ was the suffering event caused by herod the great, king of jude’s, in ordering the execution children two years old and under
martyr of the innocents
30
______ is a branch of theology that purports to defend and explain the catholic Faith and religion.
apologetics
31
False narrative books on the life of Christ are referred to as
heresys
32
A share in God's life and poured out to humanity in the sacraments is called
grace
33
________ plus Tradition comprises the Deposit of the Faith.
unchanging scripture
34
mother of holy church
mary
35
Describe the life of the apostles following Christ's Ascension to heaven. What gave them courage to preach the Gospel to make disciples of all nations?
following christs ascension to heaven, the apostles continued his ministry by preaching, healing and exorcising demons. jesus commanded the spotles to spread the gospel everywhere and they passed their powers to their successors through the bishop until Christ had once returned.
36
What aspect in the founding of the early Church especially drew your attention? Include a topic discussed in class or shared in chapter one (textbook).
One aspect in the founding of the early Church that drew my attention was during Pentecost, when the Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples and truly left them at ease with the feeling of peace, love and power. This drew my attention because it shows how everloving Christ is, and how he was able to keep his promise Of coming back after he died
37
wrote letters on the way to his martyrdom
St. Ignatius, Bishop of Antioch
38
Disciples meet Jesus and walk 7 miles without recognizing Him. Jesus opens there eyes.
Road to Emmaus
39
Primary location where Christians faced Roman persecution and lost their life.
Coliseum
40
St. Thomas words after placing his hand in the side of the Risen Lord
"My Lord and my God"
41
Disciple of St. John the Apostle
St. Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna
42
Angels who visited St. Joan of Arc
St. Catherine, St. Margaret, and St. Michael
43
Apostates
Christians who left their faith entirely (largely due to persecution)
44
Washed away by the sacrament of baptism
Original sin
45
Theotokos
Mother of God
46
true or false: St. Peter was martyred during the time of Nero.
true
47
true or false: Trajan's Rescript legalized Christianity.
false
48
true or false: Decius was responsible for the first empire-wide persecution of christians.
true
49
true or false: St. Irenæus was best known for combating gnosticism.
true
50
true or false The importance of St. Augustine is arguably the greatest rivaled by St. Thomas Aquinas
true
51
true or false Arianism believed in Christ's divinity, true God and true Man.
false
52
true or false Pelagius taught man could be saved without grace.
true
53
true or false Arius taught that Christ was a creature of the Father, though the greatestcreated being.
true
54
true or false Theodosius cemented the union between church and state with his decree of 391 making christianity the official religion of the empire.
true
55
The four characteristics of the Church Fathers include:
holiness, antiquity, orthodoxy and notoriety
56
St. Basil, St. Gregory of Nyssa and St. Gregory of Nazianus were known as the
Cappadocian Fathers
57
Emperor _______ attributed his victory at the battle of Milvian Bridge to a vision of the Christian cross, leading to his conversion and the eventual legalization of the religion within the Roman Empire.
Constantine
58
_______’s Rescript gave Christians the choice of death or apostasy.
Trajan
59
_____ is the willful denunciation of the Faith in its entirety.
apostasy
60
St. Justin the Martyr died under the reign of Emperor ____________
Marcus Aurellus
61
________ defeated Maximian with the symbol of the cross on his army's armor.
Constantine
62
an _____ is a ban solemnly pronounced by an ecclesiastical authority and accompanied by excommunication from the Church.
anathema
63
________ was the heresy that believed in 2 gods, one in the Old Testament and one in the New Testament.
Marcionism
64
Homoousios means
consubstantial (the same essence)
65
The heresy of _______ denies the two natures of Christ.
Apollonarianism
66
______ taught Jesus was neither god nor equal to the Father, but raised to the level of "son of god" because of his fidelity and piety.
Arianism
67
______ _believed in a god known as the Demiurge who was a force of evil, responsible for the creation of the material world. They believed the Demiurge was distinct from the supreme God, and that the faithful must wage war against the Demiurge to please the good god.
Gnosticism
68
_______ taught the human nature of christ was absorbed into the divine nature as a drop of water is absorbed into the ocean.
Monophysitism
69
_____ rejected the validity of Sacraments celebrated by priests and bishops who had formerly betrayed the Faith.
Donatists
70
______ lived a life summarized by this constant affirmation: "our hearts are restless until they rest in thee, o Lord."
St Augustine
71
What effects did persecution have on the early church? Include both positive and negative.
The persecution caused Christian Churches to be destroyed and christians who refused to recant lost their legal rights. However, people were to experience christ in a newway and the perecurion later caused more growth in the church
72
Which Church Father particularly inspired you?
Polycarp inspired me the most because he died for Christ, and refused to renounce him. Even though he suffered a tragic death, hedid it for christ.
73
Name 2 facts about what took place at the Council of Nicea.
resolved the controversy of Arianism
2. enshrined the divinity of christ, referring to the term “homousios”
74
Mission of the Catholic Church and the Body of Christ
Bring Good News in Christ to all people
75
Meets Attila the Hun and saves Rome from massive barbarian attack
Pope St. Leo the Great
76
Patriarch of Western Monasticism
St. Benedict
77
Last of the traditional Latin Doctors (also a monk who becomes Pope)
Pope St. Gregory the Great
78
Most ruthless of Germanic tribes
Vandals
79
Way of life characterized by prayer and self denial
Monasticism
80
"and the Son"
Filioque
81
Led by Emperor Leo III who ordered the destruction of icons
Iconoclastic controversy
82
Dominus et Deus
Lord and God
83
true or false: St. Peter was martyred during the time of Nero.
true
84
true or false St. John of Damascus renounced the use of icons
false
85
true or false Charlemagne became the first ruler to unite the Germanic kingdoms with papacy
true
86
true or false Final break between the Eastern and Western church is called the Great Schism.
true
87
true or false St. Patrick is the "Apostle of Germany"
false
88
true or false Emperor Leo III failed at successfully stopping the Muslim invaders in 717
false
89
true or false St. Paul of Thebes was the first to start the monastic way of life
true
90
true or false Pope St. Gregory is the Patriarch of Western Monasticism
false
91
true or false Irish monks did little to protect and promote western civilization
false
92
true or false St. Augustine of Canterbury brought the Catholicism to pagans and Anglo-Saxons.
true
93
true or false Nero persecuted Christians throughout the Roman Empire.
true
94
true or false Rule of St. Benedict was adopted by virtually all monastic communities
true
95
true or false Constantine was baptized before he died.
true
96
true or false St. Bede is the Father of English History
true
97
true or false St. Vladimir is the "Apostle of Germany."
false
98
______ the great founded the byzantine empire and named it constantinople
Constantine
99
emperor ______ issued an edict in 726 declaring all icons were idolatry and ordered their destruction.
Leo III
100
______, ______, ______ are the three vows
made by Benedictine monks following the Rule of St. Benedict.
poverty, obedience, chastity
101
______ proved vital for the spread of Christianity during turbulent periods.
Monasticism
102
_________ authored the work Confessions and The City of God.
st augustine
103
Monasticism brought the benefits of ______ and ______ at the time of Germanic and other barbarian attacks.
stability and preservation
104
Spain fell to the ____ in 711 and France fell not long after in 732.
Muslims
105
_______ was known as the "Church's eldest daughter."
France
106
________ was the Apostolic Father who asked Christians not to intervene with his martyrdom through letters.
St Ignatius
107
______ received the Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire causing schism with the Byzantine emperors.
Charlemagne
108
the lands around Rome, Italy and won by Pepin making the Pope a sovereign as well as spiritual leader
Papal States
109
Greek term for lover of icons.
Iconophile
110
a large room in a monastery dedicated to the copying and maintaining of texts
scriptorium
111
a ______ is one for faith reasons retires to solitary life into the "desert."
hermit
112
List and explain the primary causes that led to the Great Schism in 1054.
- language: the east spoke Greek and the west spoke latin
- tradition: eastern orthodox prepares the eucharst with leavened bread and the west didnt
- politics : in the east they made aliances
- Icons: People started to worship them
Filioque
113
How would you have brought understanding to the iconoclasts on the spiritual use of icons in prayer?
To bring understanding to the iconoclasts, I would explain that lcons are not idols, out they act as tools to help christians focus on their faith and in prayer. Icons are like a visual Bible that are able to evangelize without any words.
114
What is known as the "filioque" controversy? Provide context and background.
The filioque controversy was basically a disagreement between the Eastern and Western Churches about a line in the Nicene Creed. Originally, the Nicene Creed said the Holy Spirit proceeds from the father but the Western Churches added ‘and the son’ to it. The Eastern Church disagreed and argued that the Holy Spirt should only proceed from the Father and not the son.
115
Cistercian monk who counseled rulers, bishops and popes.
(Wrote the prayer to the wounded shoulder of Jesus.")
St. Bernard of Clairvaux
116
White monks
Cistercians
117
Emphasized the spiritual life in union with God, reducing the focus on labor
Cluniac spirituality
118
Donated land in Cluny for a new monastery
William the Pious
119
War of a religious and worldly character
crusade
120
Appointment of bishops by secular rulers in exchange for temporal protection
Lay Investiture
121
Founded the Carthusian order
St. Berno
122
system that came to organize the politics, economy and socla life of Medieval Europe.
Feudalism
123
Crux
cross
124
Selling of ecclesiastical offices, pardons or relics by church leaders to emperors
simony
125
t or f The Treaty of Verdun split the Carolingian empire into four parts.
False
126
t or f Religious conditions in France influenced the start of the Inquisition in Spain
true
127
t or f Albigensianism is a form of Gnosticism believing in two gods that rule the universe.
true
128
t or f Otto 1, the Great failed to protect the church losing the trust of Pope John XII.
false
129
t or f Henry Il tried to gain control of church revenues and the election of popes.
true
130
true or false The knights' templar protected pilgrims traveling to Jerusalem.
true
131
t or f The Eastern Empire welcomed the crusaders and saw the west as true allies.
false
132
t or f First Crusade was considered to be the most organized and successful.
true
133
t or f Saladin was a strategic crusader leading the west to victory in the first crusade.
false
134
the appointment of family members to important positions of authority is called
nepotism
135
Judges appointed by the pope to examine accused heretics were called
inquisitors
136
the practice of appointing bishops and abbots by secular rulers
lay investiture
137
who Wrote Dictatus papae
Pope Gregory the 7th
138
Henry IV installed ________ as the antipope in rebellion against St Gregory VII
Clement III
139
_______________ was martyred by his "friend" Henry II for refusing to support his campaign to control the church.
Thomas Becket
140
The Treaty of Verdun 843) divided the Carolingian empire into
france italy and germany
141
Dictatus Papae stated that God's powers rest with the
Pope
142
The sermon of Pope ________ was instrumental in recruiting crusaders.
Urban II
143
St Thoras Beckett spoke out against ________ royal quest yo control the church. He fled to France and later forced to return to _____ where he lost his life
King Henry II
Canterbury
144
The Inguiston began largely as a reaction to the _______ heresy
Albigensian
145
Pope BI. Urban Il held a council in _______ in central France to rouse support from Westerners as an appeal for help needed in the East.
Clermont
146
The process for the _______ did not reveal the identity of
the accusers and rarely included legar protection for the accused.
Inquisition
147
The Spanish Inquisition developed around the time of the reign of
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
148
The religious orders of ______ and _____ were largely responsible for judgeship during the inquisition.
Dominicans and Franciscans
149
The prayer to the _____ shoulder of Jesus was written by
___________
wounded
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux
150
What were the major outcomes of the Crusades? (Include 2 positives and 2 negatives).
The Crusades had mary effects, good and bad.
On the positive side, they helped spark the Renaissance, increased trade between Europe and the East and brought
new knowledge to Europe. However, on the negative side, the crusades contributed to the fall of constantinople and created lots of tension between Musims and Christians.
151
Describe three reasons that ultimately led to the failure of the Western Empire's efforts in battling the crusades through history.
- lack of unity
-logistics problems
-not enough resources to keep up their fight
152
theotokos
mary, mother of god
153
which heresy did aranaus fight
gnosticism
154
major renaissance intellectual movements
humanism, classicism, secularism
155
anathema
when someone is banned from the church
156
Saint who founded the dominicant order, tried to fight Albigenism, but was not successful
St Dominic
157
33 AD
Pentecost and Christ crucifixion
158
saint crucified upside down
Peter
159
saint crucified on the X
andrew
160
3 things the church did in response to germanic invasion
- spread the gospel
-prayed
-converted the barbarians
161
medici family
contributions to renaissance and challenges
-medici family is one of the most powerful and influential groups in European history.
-innovated new banking systems and used their wealth to collect some of the best pieces of renaissance art
- sparked a revival of classical learning
-supported renaissance artists and funded the construction of several iconic buildings and structures
-they promoted humanism and supported economic growth through trade
challenges:
- the enemies of the medici family were the albizzini family and they tried to dethrone them
- 3 priests attempted to murder the Medici brothers
162
name two heresies and how the church overcame them
arianism claimed that Jesus was not fully divine and the church overcame it at the council of nicaea affirming jesus divinity
pelagianism denied original sin and the need for divine grace and the church overcame it at the council of carthage and ephesus, reinforcing the need for grace and original sin
163
why were the early christians referred to as the way and what did they face
the early Christians were referred to as "the Way" because they followed the teachings of Jesus, who described himself as "the way, the truth, and the life". Early Christians faced significant persecution from both the Roman authorities and Jewish leaders. They were often seen as a threat to traditional Roman religious practices and social order, leading to arrests, torture, and executions. Christians were blamed for various societal problems, such as natural disasters, and were often forced to practice their faith in secret.
164
every apostle was martyred, the only one who wasn’t was
St John
165
knights templar
monks who were soldiers who protected the pilgrims traveling
