chemistry quiz atomic structure

Question 1

Dalton’s theory

Answer 1

-every atom in an element is the same size
-contradicted by modern theory

Question 2

modern theory

Answer 2

same size atoms are in different groups (atoms of elements are grouped based on their abundance in nature)

Question 3

the modern theory is a cloud model, meaning..

Answer 3

electrons closer to the nucleus are more dense

Question 4

to find electrons from charge:

Answer 4

if the charge is positive, subtract the number from protons

if charge is negative, add the number from the protons

Question 5

mass =

Answer 5

protons + neutrons

(m=p+n)

Question 6

neutrons =

Answer 6

mass - protons

(n=m-p)

Question 7

beta particles are also known as

Answer 7

electrons

Question 8

thomsons theory

Answer 8

Thomson described the atom as a ball of positive charge containing a number of electrons

Question 9

rutherfords observations and conclusions:

Answer 9

1. observation: he observed the alpha particles went through, and the gold light was showing on the screen (most of the particles went through the gold foil)

conclusion: the atoms must have been mostly empty space

2. observation: a few of the alpha particles deflected

conclusion: these alpha particles were close to a positive charge in the atom

3. observation: a few of the alpha particles bounced back

conclusion: those alpha particles hit the massive part of the atom

Question 10

Bohr’s theory

Answer 10

after rutherfords discovery, Bohr proposed that electrons travel in definite orbits (shells) around the nucleus

Question 11

what is inside the nucleus

Answer 11

protons and nuetrons

Question 12

the charge of the nucleus is always

Answer 12

positive bc of the protons

Question 13

using table o, what are the masses and charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons

Answer 13

protons:
mass - 1
charge - 1

neutrons :
mass - 1
charge - 0

electrons :
mass - 0
charge - -1

Question 14

protons are located in the ______ and their charge is _____

Answer 14

nucleus, positive

Question 15

neutrons are located in the _____ and their charge is ______

Answer 15

nucleus, neither positive or negative

Question 16

electrons are located in the ______ and their charge is _____

Answer 16

orbits (shells), negative

Question 17

atoms are mostly made up of

Answer 17

empty space

Question 18

x
_____
x

						 identify

Answer 18

mass - x
_____
charge - x

Question 19

isotopes are

Answer 19

atoms that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

Question 20

atomic number and _______ are the same thing

Answer 20

protons

Question 21

electrons are usually opposite reciprocals of the __________

Answer 21

atomic number/protons

Question 22

calculating average mass (for isotopes):

Answer 22

(relative abundance x atomic mass)
_________
100

Question 23

magic numbers are ____ and ____ and they…

Answer 23

8 and 2

make an atom stable

Question 24

0 ) ) ) ) )
which shell has the highest energy and which has the lowest

Answer 24

the shell closest to the nucleus has the lowest energy and the shell farthest from the nucleus has the highest energy

Question 25

an excited atom means

Answer 25

absorbs energy

Question 26

how to get electrons from the periodic table

Answer 26

all the electron configuration numbers added up is the total number of electrons

Question 27

when a electron gets excited, you don’t _______________ but when it goes back to its ground state ___________

Answer 27

see anything

it releases its energy in the form of light

Question 28

excited state doesnt have the same _________ but same amount of _________

Answer 28

energy

electrons

Question 29

nucleons are

Answer 29

what is in the nucleus (particles)

Question 30

ions are

Answer 30

when electrons change

Question 31

mass deals with…

Answer 31

protons and neutrons
|
v
nucleus
|
v
isotopes
(because of the difference in neutrons)

Question 32

to find neutrons

Answer 32

atomic mass - protons

Question 33

charge deals with….

Answer 33

proton and electron
+ –

proton = electron
+10 -10

nuclear charge - positive from the proton

Question 34

excited electrons….

Answer 34

never change

Question 35

kernel of an atom

Answer 35

all parts of the atom except valence

Question 36

to find electrons:

Answer 36

add or subtract atomic number by charge

Question 37

neutral atom:

Answer 37

electrons and protons are equal but opposite signs

Question 38

mass has nothing to do with

Answer 38

electrons

Question 39

to make an ion it has to

Answer 39

have magic numbers

Question 40

the last electron in the electron configuration is the

Answer 40

valence electron