Ch.25 - Vocabulary quiz

Question 1

enclosure

Answer 1

a fenced-in field created by wealthy British landowners from previously “common” land worked by village farmers (or the movement to create more such fenced-in fields)

Question 2

fossil fuels

Answer 2

energy sources such as coal, oil and natural gas which were formed over centuries from the remains of plants and animals buried under rock and which fueled the economic growth of the industrial revolution

Question 3

industrialization

Answer 3

the development of industries for the machine production of goods; put another way, the transition from manufacturing goods by hand in small shops to the mass production of goods in factories

Question 4

factory

Answer 4

a large building in which machinery is used to manufacture goods

Question 5

textiles

Answer 5

cloth or fabric; the first industry to industrialize during the Industrial Revolution

Question 6

urbanization

Answer 6

the growth of cities and the migration of people into them from more rural areas

Question 7

bourgeoisie / aka the middle class

Answer 7

a social class made up primarily of skilled workers, professionals and business owners; they demand political change in the French Revolution, and they lead the big changes of the Industrial Revolution

Question 8

proletariat / aka the working class

Answer 8

a social class of non-property-owning laborers which emerged during the Industrial Revolution as poor peasants moved to cities and went to work in factories

Question 9

laissez-faire

Answer 9

the idea that governments should not inerfere with or regulate private business decision making

Question 10

Stock

Answer 10

a share in the ownership of a business known as a corporation

Question 11

Corporation

Answer 11

A business owned by stock holders who share in its profits but are not personally responsible for its debts.

Question 12

Capitalism

Answer 12

An economic system in which private individuals own the means of production and make their own decisions about how they use economic resources

Question 13

socialism

Answer 13

an economic system in which the means of production are owned or regulated by the public and managed for the benefit of all in the society

Question 14

union

Answer 14

an association of workers, formed to collectively bargain with business owners for better working conditions or higher wages

Question 15

strike

Answer 15

to refuse to work to force an employer to meet certain demands