living environment - cells Flashcards
cells are the basic unit of
(cell theory)
structure/function
_____ takes place in a cell
photosynthesis
all living things are made up of _ ____ __ ____ ____
(cell theory)
a cell or many cells
in order to produce a cell, you need a ____
(cell theory)
cell
tools used to study cells
compound light, binocular, dissecting, electron microscopes
stains are used to
make cell parts more visible
iodine
used on plant cells
methylene blue
used on animal cells
the cetrifuge separates
the cell parts by density
measurement used for cells
mm (millimeters)
ATP
energy
does diffusion use energy
no, diffusion does NOT use energy
simple diffusion
moves things from high concentration to low concentration
equilibrium
when things are equal on each side of the membrane
does active transport use energy?
yes, active transport requires the use of energy
active transport moves
materials from a area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
name the cell: very small, no membrane bound organelles, not used to form multi cell organisms, example: bacteria
prokaryotic cells
name the cell: larger cell, have membrane bound organelles, can be used to form multicellular organisms, examples: fungi, protists, plant cells, animal cells
eukaryotic cells
name the cell organelle : found only in plant cells, convert light energy into chemical bond energy, contain green pigment, have their own genetic material
chloroplasts
name the cell organelle : found in animal cells, within the centro-some, assist in cell division
centrioles
name the cell organelle: made up of a double lipid (fat) layer with large proteins floating in it
cell/plasma membrane
these are functions of the cell _______: separates the internal environment from the external environment, provides a water resistant barrier, selectively permeable
functions of the cell membrane
______ molecules are found on the cell membrane and allow cells to communicate with each other
receptor
the _____ wall is found in plant cells, made up mostly of the sugar cellulose
cell
the _____ wall provides the plant cell with support, protection, and structure
cell
the _____ wall is porous, (lets materials pass through)
cell
photosynthesis takes in:
sunlight, carbon dioxide, water
photosynthesis gives out:
oxygen and sugars (glucose)
cellular respiration takes in:
glucose and oxygen
cellular respiration gives out:
carbon dioxide, water and ATP (energy)
______ cells make an exact copy of itself and is a form of asexual reproduction
mitosis
______ is part of sexual reproduction, produces sex cells
meiosis
define gametes
sex cells
the _____ is the smallest cell part
organelle
cells are made up of ______
organelles
______ is made up of many cells and helps life activity
tissue
an ______ is made up of many tissues and helps carry out a life function
organ
an _____ ______ is made up of many organs
organ system
____________ _______ are made up of several organ systems
multicellular organisms
viruses have their own ______ ______ and are not made up of _____
genetic material, cells
chloroplasts and mitochondria are not _____, have their own ______ _______, and can produce without the cell ________
cells, genetic material, reproducing
humans have a ____ way digestive system
one
two openings in a human:
mouth and anus
the purpose of the digestive system is to:
obtain and process nutrients
define ingestion:
taking nutrients in
define digestion:
breaking nutrients up
define egestion:
removal of waste
________ digestion is physically breaking something up into smaller parts
mechanical
_______ digestion is changing one thing into another protein
chemical
to help chemical digestion you need_____
enzymes
organic compounds have to have ______ ___ ___________
carbon and hydrogen
inorganic compounds do not have ______ ______ ________. an example of this is ______
both carbon and hydrogen
water
