periodic table test Flashcards
the columns in the periodic table (up and down)
groups/families
the horizontal groups in the periodic table (left to right)
periods
every element within a group will have…
properties that are similar {same number of valence electrons}
group one
alkali metals
group two
alkaline earth metals
group three - twelve
transition elements or (metals)
group thirteen
boron group
group fourteen
carbon group
group fifteen
nitrogen group
group sixteen
oxygen group
group seventeen
halogens
group eighteen
noble gasses
metalloids are
substances that can be metal or non metal
halogens are
the group where all three phases of substances exist
What did Mendeleev do and in what time period
produced periodic table based on mass
(late 1800’s)
What did Moseley do and in what time period
switched some of the elements so that the elements within groups have similar properties
was responsible for adjusting the table according to atomic number
(1900’s)
cations and anions charges
cations: +
anions: -
metalloids are located on
the staircase
list of metalloids
B - Boron
Si - Silicon
Ge - Germanium
As - Acsenic
Sb - Antimony
Te - Tellirium
What two elements are on the staircase but are not metalloids
Al - Aluminum
Po - Polonium
as you go from left the right, atomic radius…
decreases
as the atom gets bigger, the atomic radius
increases
as you go from left to right, the _______ increase
protons
in a period, as the number of protons (nuclear charge) increase, what happens to the electrons?
the attraction to the electrons increases as well, so the size of the atom gets smaller
ionization energy
energy required to remove the most loosely held electron (valence electrons)
as the atom gets smaller, the ionization energy…
gets higher (harder to remove valence electron)
electronegativity
attraction of the atom to its electrons
most active metal
Fr - Francium because it has the least amount of pull to the nucleus
most active nonmetal
F - Fluorine because it has the greatest pull to the nucleus
metallic activity decreases going..
across the periodic table stairs
metallic energy increases going…
down the periodic table stairs
activity of an element depends on
how they form an ion
all metals: the atomic radius is _______ than its ionic radius
larger
all nonmetals: the atomic radius is ________ than its ionic radius
smaller
within a period, as atomic number increases
atomic radius decreases
ionization energy increases
electronegativity increases
metallic character decreases
within a group, as atomic number increases
atomic radius increases
ionization energy decreases
electronegativity decreases
metallic character increases
to the left of the staircase is
to the right of the staircase is
metals
nonmetals
what do all elements in the same row (periods) have in common?
the same number of rings
what do all elements in the same column (groups) have in common?
valence electrons
