The Urinary System

Question 1

Kidneys

Answer 1

Filter large amounts of blood from the renal arteries and produce urine as waste
- Abdominal cavity, retroperitoneal (ureters too)

Question 2

Urinary Bladder

Answer 2

Where the ureters transmit urine to

Question 3

Urethra

Answer 3

Where urine passes out of the body from the urinary bladder

Question 4

Perirenal Fat

Answer 4

Layer of adipose tissue connecting the kidneys

Question 5

Renal Capsule

Answer 5

Outer covering of the kidneys connective tissue that provides the final layer of protection

Question 6

Renal Cortex

Answer 6

Beneath the capsule and is the outer portion of the kidney

Question 7

Medulla

Answer 7

Inner region of the kidney
Contains nephrons

Question 8

Renal Pyramids

Answer 8

Discrete triangular segments that form the medulla

Question 9

Renal Columns

Answer 9

Separate the triangular structures of the renal pyramids by inward extensions of cortex tissue
- concentrate urine

Question 10

Nephrons

Answer 10

Kidney’s function units that filter and modify blood plasma

Question 11

Minor Calyces

Answer 11

Where urine drains form the collecting ducts to
- Receive urine produced in one renal pyramid

Question 12

Major Calyces

Answer 12

From minor calyces and converge to form the renal pelvis

Question 13

Renal pelvis

Answer 13

Drains urine from major calyces and narrows to become the ureter

Question 14

Ureter

Answer 14

Muscular tube that contracts in peristaltic waves to move urine to the urinary bladder

Question 15

Detrusor Muscle

Answer 15

Smooth muscle of the urinary bladder that responds involuntarily to its walls’ streching
- as bladder fills, it contracts to expel urine

Question 16

Internal Urethral Sphincter

Answer 16

Specialized region of smooth muscle that relaxes while the urinary bladder contracts in the urethra’s opening
- sensation of needing to pee

Question 17

External Urethral Sphincter

Answer 17

Forms a voluntary skeletal muscle ring around the urethra that contracts to prevent urination until an appropriate time/place is available

Question 18

Females

Answer 18

Short Urethra

Question 19

External Urethral Orifice

Answer 19

Lies immediately anterior to the opening of the vagina
- Posterior to Clitoris

Question 20

Prostatic Urethra

Answer 20

Carries urine from the bladder and passes through the prostrate gland in men

Question 21

Membranous Urethra

Answer 21

Short and passes through the external urethral sphincter (men)

Question 22

Penile Urethra

Answer 22

Passes through the penis to carry urine to the exterior (men)