Muscles of the Head and Neck

Question 1

Platysma

Answer 1

Tenses neck and depresses (lowers) mandible (jaw)
- Innervated by CN 7 (eyebrows, nose, lips, facial expression)

Question 2

Frontalis

Answer 2

Raises Eyebrow

Question 3

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 3

Purses lips

Question 4

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 4

Raises corners of lips

Question 5

Buccinator

Answer 5

Compresses cheeks

Question 6

Depressor anguli oris

Answer 6

Lowers corners of lips

Question 7

Occipitalis

Answer 7

Tenses scalp

Question 8

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 8

Closes eyelids

Question 9

Masticate

Answer 9

Chewing (movements of the mandible_)

Question 10

Pterygoid Muscles

Answer 10

Deep surface of the muscles and attach to pterygoid process of sphenoid

Question 11

Masseter

Answer 11

Elevates mandible

Question 12

Temporalis

Answer 12

Elevates mandible

Question 13

Medial Pterygoid

Answer 13

Elevates jaw, moves jaw medially

Question 14

Lateral Pterygoid

Answer 14

Protrudes the lower jaw

Question 15

Extraocular Muscles

Answer 15

Innervated by CN 3,4,6
- Superior, inferior, lateral, and medial recuses are 90 degrees from each other
- Superior oblique, Inferior Oblique

Question 16

Rectus

Answer 16

Straight path from a common origin in the back of the orbit to the eyeball

Question 17

Meidal rectus

Answer 17

Turns eye medially

Question 18

Lateral rectus

Answer 18

Turns eye laterally

Question 19

superior rectus

Answer 19

Turns eye superiorly

Question 20

inferior rectus

Answer 20

Turns eye inferiorly

Question 21

superior oblique

Answer 21

Turns eye inferiorly and laterally
(attaches at back of orbit, passes through trochlea to eyeballs, turns eye down and out)

Question 22

inferior oblique

Answer 22

Turns eye superiorly and laterally
(attaches obliquely to the eyeball like the superior oblique)

Question 23

Superficial Neck Muscles

Answer 23

Trapezius and Sternocleidomastoid
Innervated by CN 11

Question 24

Trapezius

Answer 24

Retract, elevate, depresses scapula; extends neck if used bilaterally

Question 25

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 25

Turns head or flexes neck if used bilaterally

Question 26

Deep Muscles of the Neck and Head (5)

Answer 26

Extraocular Muscles (CN 346), Suprahyoid muscles (CN 5,7), laryngeal muscles (CN 10), muscles of the tongue (CN 12), pharyngeal muscles (CN 10)

Question 27

Extraocular Muscles

Answer 27

Attach to eyeball and responsible for eye movements
- innervated by CN 3, 4, 6

Question 28

Suprahyoid Muscles

Answer 28

In between the mandible and hyoid bone; elevate hyoid bone and move the floor of the mouth.
- innervated by CN 5 and 7

Question 29

Pharyngeal Muscles

Answer 29

Form tubular wall of the pharynx and extend from the nasal cavities to the esophagus. Swallowing movements that propel food/water to the esophagus
- innervated by CN 10

Question 30

Muscles of the Tongue

Answer 30

Intrinsic tongue muscles: within the tongue and contracting change shape of the tongue
Extrinsic tongue muscles: one attachment outside tongue and responsible for all movements of the tongue within and protruding from the oral cavity
- innervated by CN 12

Question 31

Laryngeal Muscles

Answer 31

Move the cartilages that are connected to the vocal folds (speech, opening/closing of glottis when swallowing/coughing)
- Innervated by CN 10

Question 32

Muscles of Facial Expression

Answer 32

Platysma, frontalis, orbicularis oris, zygomaticus major, buccinator, depressor anguli oris, occipitalis, orbicularis oculi, pterygoids