Muscles of the Lower Limb

Question 1

Muscles of the Hip

Answer 1

Iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, deep hip rotators

Question 2

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 2

Primary extensor of the hip and pulls body forward in locomotion
- Tendon joins iliotibial tract
- leg coming back

Question 3

Iliopsoas

Answer 3

Hip flexor formed by iliacus and psoas major as they pass under the inguinal ligament
- Deep muscle that attaches to the vertebral column and pelvis to provide strong attachment for this hip flexor

Question 4

Tensor Fascia Lata

Answer 4

Flexes the hip and externally rotates the hip
- Attaches to iliotibial tract

Question 5

Gluteus maximus, iliopsoas, tensor fascia lata

Answer 5

Swing Lower Limb Forward in Locomotion

Question 6

Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimis

Answer 6

• beneath Maximus
• Abductor of the hip and allow for weight support on one leg
• like a split

Question 7

Deep Hip Rotators

Answer 7

• Inferior to minimus
• 5 that work synergistically to rotate the hip join externally

Question 8

Anterior Thigh Muscles

Answer 8

Rectus femoris, vastus intermeidus, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis (Extension of knee and connect to patellar tendon)
Sartorious (Flexion of knee and external rotation of the hip)

Question 9

Posterior Thigh Muscles

Answer 9

Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
(Flexion of Knee)

Question 10

Medial Thigh Muscles (Short to long)

Answer 10

Pectineus, adductors brevis, adductors longus, adductors magnus, gracilis
(All adductors of the hip)

Question 11

Quadriceps Tendon

Answer 11

Combination of vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius and rectus femoris

Question 12

Patellar Tendon

Answer 12

Below the patella - quadriceps tendon

Question 13

Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus

Answer 13

Located medially within the posterior thigh

Question 14

Biceps Femoris

Answer 14

2 heads located laterally within posterior thigh

Question 15

Anterior Leg Muscles

Answer 15

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus

Question 16

Posterior Leg Muscles

Answer 16

Popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior

Question 17

Lateral Leg Muscles

Answer 17

Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
(Eversion of talocrural joint)

Question 18

Popliteus

Answer 18

Small rotation that unlocks the knee when standing upright
- Only one that acts on knee

Question 19

Extensor Digitorum longus

Answer 19

Extend digits 2-5

Question 20

Extensor Hallucis Longus

Answer 20

Extends digit 1 (hallux)

Question 21

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 21

Dorsiflex and invert the ankle joint

Question 22

Calcaneal (Achilles’s) Tendon

Answer 22

Formed by gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris - reconstructive surgery when tendon needed

Question 23

Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris

Answer 23

Plantarflexion of talocrural joint

Question 24

Flexor Digitorum Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus

Answer 24

Flexors of digits 2-5 and digit 1

Question 25

Tibialis Posterior

Answer 25

Plantarflexes and inverts the ankle

Question 26

Illiotibial tract

Answer 26

Shared tendon of gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata