Muscles of the Lower Limb Flashcards
Muscles of the Hip
Iliopsoas, gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata, deep hip rotators
Gluteus Maximus
Primary extensor of the hip and pulls body forward in locomotion
- Tendon joins iliotibial tract
- leg coming back
Iliopsoas
Hip flexor formed by iliacus and psoas major as they pass under the inguinal ligament
- Deep muscle that attaches to the vertebral column and pelvis to provide strong attachment for this hip flexor
Tensor Fascia Lata
Flexes the hip and externally rotates the hip
- Attaches to iliotibial tract
Gluteus maximus, iliopsoas, tensor fascia lata
Swing Lower Limb Forward in Locomotion
Gluteus Medius and Gluteus Minimis
- beneath Maximus
- Abductor of the hip and allow for weight support on one leg
- like a split
Deep Hip Rotators
- Inferior to minimus
- 5 that work synergistically to rotate the hip join externally
Anterior Thigh Muscles
Rectus femoris, vastus intermeidus, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis (Extension of knee and connect to patellar tendon)
Sartorious (Flexion of knee and external rotation of the hip)
Posterior Thigh Muscles
Semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris
(Flexion of Knee)
Medial Thigh Muscles (Short to long)
Pectineus, adductors brevis, adductors longus, adductors magnus, gracilis
(All adductors of the hip)
Quadriceps Tendon
Combination of vastus lateralis, medialis, intermedius and rectus femoris
Patellar Tendon
Below the patella - quadriceps tendon
Semitendinosus and Semimembranosus
Located medially within the posterior thigh
Biceps Femoris
2 heads located laterally within posterior thigh
Anterior Leg Muscles
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus
Posterior Leg Muscles
Popliteus, gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior
Lateral Leg Muscles
Fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
(Eversion of talocrural joint)
Popliteus
Small rotation that unlocks the knee when standing upright
- Only one that acts on knee
Extensor Digitorum longus
Extend digits 2-5
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Extends digit 1 (hallux)
Tibialis Anterior
Dorsiflex and invert the ankle joint
Calcaneal (Achilles’s) Tendon
Formed by gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris - reconstructive surgery when tendon needed
Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris
Plantarflexion of talocrural joint
Flexor Digitorum Longus and Flexor Hallucis Longus
Flexors of digits 2-5 and digit 1
Tibialis Posterior
Plantarflexes and inverts the ankle
Illiotibial tract
Shared tendon of gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata
