Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kinesiology > The Spine > Flashcards

The Spine Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebrae in the spine?

A

33

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 sections of the spine?

A
  • cervical (7)
  • thoracic (12)
  • lumbar (5)
  • saccrum (5) and coccyx (4) -fused
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cervical curve

A

Lordosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Thoracic curve

A

Kyphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Lumbar curve

A

Lordosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Movements of the spine (3)

A
  • flexion/ extension
  • right and left lateral flexion
  • right and left lateral rotation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is there minimal movement in the spine?

A

Thoracic region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 components of the intervertebral discs

A
  • annulus fibrosus

- nucleus pulposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Annulus fibrosus

A

Thick and durable outer ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

Gel like inner bubble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens if damage occurs to the annulus fibrosus?

A

The nucleus pulposus can herniate out through the tear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Prevention of injuries to the cervical spine

A
  • muscle strengthening
  • ROM
  • using correct techniques
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why is it important to strengthen muscles in the cervical spine?

A

Muscles in the neck resist hyper flexion and hyperextension and rotational forces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why is it important to have ROM in the cervical spine?

A

Must have full ROM to prevent injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can ROM in cervical spine be improved?

A

Stretching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Using correct techniques (cervical spine)

A
  • athletes should be taught correct technique to reduce the likelihood of cervical spine injuries
  • axial loading
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Prevention of injury in the lumbar spine

A
  • avoid stress

- correction of bio mechanical abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How to avoid stress of the lumbar spine

A
  • avoid unnecessary stresses and strains of daily living
  • avoid postures and positions that can cause injury
  • use correct lifting techniques
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Correction of biomechanics abnormalities

A
  • ATC should establish corrective programs based on patients anomalies
  • maintain trunk flexibility
  • core stabilization and abdominal bracing
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cervical muscles strain history

A
  • sudden or forced movement

- pain is localized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Observation of cervical muscle strain

A

-decreased ROM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Palpation of cervical muscle strain

A
  • muscle guarding

- point tender

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Treatment of cervical muscle strain

A
  • RICE
  • cervical collar
  • treat pain
  • ROM exercises
  • muscle strengthening
24
Q

Cervical fractures vertebrae

A

4-6th

25
Q

Who is most at risks for cervical fractures

A

Sports

26
Q

What is a common cause of cervical fracture?

A

Axial loading

27
Q

Symptoms of cervical fracture

A
  • point tender
  • decreased movement
  • pain
  • numbness and tingling
  • weak or paralyzed limbs
28
Q

Treatment of cervical fracture

A
  • spine boards
  • x-ray
  • possible CPR
29
Q

Cervical dislocation MOI

A

Flexion and rotation

30
Q

Symptoms of cervical dislocation

A

Similar to fracture

31
Q

What should you be aware of with cervical dislocation?

A

Risk of spinal cord injury

32
Q

Treatment of cervical dislocation

A

Similar to fracture

33
Q

What is another name for a cervical sprain?

A

Whiplash

34
Q

What is the difference in MOI between sprain and strain?

A

Sprain is usually same MOI but more violent

35
Q

What does a cervical sprain involve?

A

-snapping of the head and neck, compromising the anterior or posterior longitudinal ligament, the inerspinous ligament, and the supraspinous ligament

36
Q

Symptoms of whiplash

A
  • similar symptoms of a strain but the last longer

- tenderness over the transverse and spinous processes

37
Q

When dies pain usually begin with whiplash?

A

-the day after the trauma as a result of muscle spasm

38
Q

Management of whiplash

A
  • rule out fracture, dislocation, disk injury, or cord injury
  • RICE for 48-72 hours, possibly bed rest
  • NSAIDs
  • mechanical traction
39
Q

What is the most common cervical injury?

A

Brachial plexus injuries (burners and stinger)

40
Q

MOI of burners and stingers

A

Sudden stretch of neck

41
Q

Symptoms of burners and stingers

A

Burning, numbness, tingling, pain, weakness in arms

42
Q

Treatment of burners and stingers

A

Usually resolves quickly

43
Q

How to prevent burners and stingers

A
  • stretch and strengthen

- pads and collars to limit

44
Q

Facet joint disfunction

A

Insidious, pain over facet and muscles

45
Q

What causes facet joint dysfunction

A

Extension, rotation, lateral bending to involved side

46
Q

Observation of facet joint dysfunction

A

May alter posture to decrease pain

47
Q

Palpation of facet joint dysfunction

A

Muscle spasms

48
Q

Special test for facet joint dysfunction

A

Pain and ROM

49
Q

What cause a lumbar strain?

A

Forward bending and twisting or chronic or repetitive

50
Q

Symptoms of lumbar strain

A
  • localized pain lateral to spinous process
  • pain becomes sharper w/ certain movements or postures
  • passive anteroposterior or rotational movements will increase pain
51
Q

Management of lumbar strain

A
  • RICE
  • joint mobs
  • strengthening abdominal muscles
  • stretching
  • trunk stabilization exercises
  • braces should be worn early to provide support
52
Q

Sacroiliac dysfunction pain

A

Pain over one or both SI joints and may radiate

53
Q

MOI of sacroiliac dysfunction

A

None, soft tissue stresses (?)

54
Q

Observation of sacroiliac dysfunction

A

Pelvic symmetry

55
Q

Palpation of sacroiliac dysfunction

A

Pain over pelvis

56
Q

Special tests for sacroiliac dysfunction

A

ROM increased pain

57
Q

Acute or insidious (sacroiliac dysfunction)

A

Either

Kinesiology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions