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Kinesiology > Shoulder Part 2: Exam 3 > Flashcards

Shoulder Part 2: Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Injuries to the shoulder complex

A
  • bony
  • ligament
  • muscle
  • tendon
  • overuse
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2
Q

What causes a clavicle fracture?

A
  • FOOSH
  • direct impact
  • fall on tip of shoulder
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3
Q

What does FOOSH mean?

A

Fall on out stretch hand

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4
Q

Symptoms of clavicle fracture

A
  • Clavicle may appear lower or more prominent in the middle third
  • pain on palpation
  • swelling
  • deformity
  • point tenderness
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5
Q

Management of clavicle fracture

A
  • closed reduction
  • sling
  • immobilize with figure 8brace for 6-8 weeks
  • may require surgery
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6
Q

Where is the most common place for a clavicle fracture?

A

Middle third

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7
Q

What causes a scapula fracture?

A

Direct impact or force transmitted thru humerus

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8
Q

Symptoms of scapula fracture

A

Pain during shoulder movement

  • swelling
  • point tenderness
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9
Q

Management of scapula fracture

A
  • sling immediately
  • follow up with x-ray
  • sling for 3 weeks
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10
Q

What causes a humeral shaft fracture?

A
  • direct blow

- FOOSH

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11
Q

What is the danger of a humeral fracture?

A

Nerve and blood supply

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12
Q

Symptoms of humerus fracture

A
  • pain
  • swelling
  • point tenderness
  • decreased ROM
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13
Q

Management of humerus fracture

A

-immediate application of splint, treat for shock, refer

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14
Q

Difference in management of humeral fracture and proximal fracture

A

H: remove from activity for 3-4 months
P: incapacitation for 2-6 months

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15
Q

What causes a SC sprain?

A
  • indirect force

- Blunt trauma

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16
Q

Symptoms of grade 1 SC sprain

A

Pain and slight disability

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17
Q

Symptoms of grade 2 SC sprain

A
  • pain
  • subluxation with deformity
  • swelling
  • point tenderness
  • decreased ROM
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18
Q

Grade 3 SC sprain symptoms

A
  • gross deformity (dislocation)
  • pain
  • swelling
  • decreased ROM
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19
Q

When is a SC sprain life threatening?

A

If it dislocates posteriorly

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20
Q

Management of SC sprain

A
  • RICE
  • reduction
  • immobilize for 3-5 weeks
  • graded reconditioning
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21
Q

what causes an AC sprain?

A
  • direct blow
  • upward force from the humerus
  • FOOSH
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22
Q

Symptoms of AC sprain

A

-pain with direct Alsatian and stress to joint

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23
Q

What can AC sprain be confused with?

A

AC joint contusion

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24
Q

How many grades of AC sprain?

A

1-6 based on severity

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25
Grade 2 AC sprain symptom
-deformity
26
Grade 3+ AC sprain
Need surgery
27
AC sprain management
- ice - stabilization - refer - agressive rehab - specialized padding
28
Grades 1-3 non operative
3-4 days and weeks of immobilization respectively
29
GH sprain cause
Forced abduction or external rotation or a direct blow
30
Symptoms of GH sprain
- pain during movement especiallyy when recreating MOI | - decreased ROM and pain with palpation n
31
Management GH sprain
- RICE 24-48 hours - sling - modalities and passive/active ROM after initial inflammatory hase - begin strength when pain free
32
What should you be aware of with GH sprain?
Potential developments of chronic conditions (instability)
33
Acute subluxation and dislocation cause
-translation of humeral head from glenoid
34
Most common MOI for dislocation
Forced abduction and external rotation
35
Symptoms of Sub and Dis
- pain and deformity - dead arm - palpation of humeral head in axillaire
36
Management of sub and Dis
- RICE - reduction by doctor - immobilize for 3 weeks - isometrics in sling - progress to resistance exercises - protective bracing
37
Possible sub and dis complications
- bank art lesion | - SLAP lesion
38
Blankart lesion
Permanent anterior defect of labrum
39
SLAP lesion
Defect in superior labrum - biracial nerves may be compromised - rotator cuff injury - fracture - bicep tendon sub
40
Cause of chronic recurrent instabilities
- traumatic - atraumatic - microtrauma - congenital - neuromuscular
41
What happens as supporting tissue becomes more lax
Mobility increases resulting in damage to other soft tissue structure
42
Symptoms of anterior instability
- clicking - pain - dead arm - positive apprehension test
43
Posterior instability symptoms
- impingement - loss of internal rotation - increased laxity
44
Multidirectional instability symptoms
-inferior laxity -positive sulcus sign -pain and clicking with arm at side Possible signs of anterior and posterior
45
Management of instability
- conservative treatment - extensive strengthening - avoid joint mobilization and flexibility exercises - restraints and harnesses to limit motion - surgery
46
What causes impingement
-overhead activities
47
Impingement
Decreased space under coracoacromial arch---> mechanical compression or tendons and bursa
48
Exacerbating factors in impingement
- laxity - inflammation - postural mal-alignment
49
Symptoms of impingement
- diffuse pain - pain on palpation of subacromial space - in overhead athletes doctors may see increased GH external rotation and decreased internal rotation
50
What causes rotator cuff tear?
Acute trauma or impingement
51
What types of rotator cuff tears are there?
Partial or complete thickness
52
When does full thickness tear occur?
Athletes with a long history (does not occur in young athletes)
53
Management of rotator cuff tear
- pain med - immobilization - electrical stimulation - NSAIDs and ultrasound - restore appropriate mechanics and strengthen rotator cuff to depress and compress humeral head to restore space
54
Frozen shoulder (adhesive capulitis)
- Contracted and thickened joint capsule with little synovial fluid - chronic inflammation with contracted inelastic rotator cuff muscles - generalized pain with motions resulting in resistance of movement
55
Symptoms of frozen shoulder
Pain in all directions with both passive and active motion
56
Management of frozen shoulder
Aggressive joint mobilizations and stretching of tight muscles
57
What causes bicep rupture
-powerful contraction
58
Where does bicep rupture occur?
Near origin of muscle at bicep groove
59
Symptoms of bicep reupture
- hears snap - budge near middle of bicep - definite weakness with elbow flexion and supination
60
Management of bicep rupture
- ice for hemmhorage - arm in sling - refer - surgery required - older person might not require surgery
61
Bicep tenosynovitis cause
-repetitive overhead ballistic activity that involves repeated stretching of biceps causing irritation of the tendon haft
62
Symptoms of bicep T
Tenderness over bicipital groove - swelling - crepitis - inflammation - overhead pain
63
Management of Bicpe T
- RICE and ultrasound to treat inflammation - NSAIDs - gradual program of strengthening and stretching

Kinesiology (23 decks)

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