Shoulder Part 1: Exam 3 Flashcards
Movement and stablization of the shoulder requires integrated function of what?
- rotator cuff muscles
- joint capsule
- scapula stabilizing muscles
Bones of the shoulder complex
- clavicle
- scapula
- humerus
Joints of the shoulder complex
- sternoclavicular
- acromioclavicular
- glenohumeral
- scapulothoracic
Ligaments of the shoulder complex
- sternoclavicular
- acromioclavicular
- coracoclavicular
- glenohumeral
SC joint
Sternoclavicular
SC joint articulation
Clavical articulates with manubrium of the sternum
What is between the articulating surfaces?
Fibrocartilaginous disk
Fibrocartilaginous disk
- shock absorber and helps prevent displacement
- clavicle permitted to move up and down, forward and backwards and in rotation
AC joint
Acromioclavicular joint
AC join location
Lateral end of the clavicle
-acromion process of scapula meets lateral end of clavicle
AC joint injuries
Weak joint and susceptible to sprain and separation
GH joint
Glenohumeral
What type of joint is the GH joint?
Ball and socket joint
GH joint location
Round head of humerus articulates with shallow glenoid fossa of scapula
What helps to widen and deepen the articulation of humerus and scapula?
Glenoid labrum
What statically stabilizes the GH joint?
Labrum and capsular ligaments
What dynamically stabilizes the GH joint?
Deltoid and rotator cuff muscles
ST joint
Scapulothoracic joint
What is not a real joint?
ST joint
What is critical to joint motion?
Movement of scapula on thoracic cage
Scapulohumeral rhythm
During humeral elevation scapula and humerus must move in synchronous fashion
Shoulder muscles (5)
- rotator cuff
- deltoids
- pectoralis major
- biceps
- triceps
Rotator cuff function
Provides most of the dynamic stability of the GH joint
4 muscles of the rotator cuff
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- subscapularis
Pectoralis major location
Originates on the sternum and clavicle and inserts on biceps
Pectoralis major functions
Shoulder flexion/ extension, adduction, internal rotation
Biceps location
Anterior surface of upper arm
Function of bicep
Elbow flexion and assists in shoulder flexion
Triceps location
Posterior surface of upper arm
Function of triceps
Elbow extension and assists in shoulder extension
What causes many specific shoulder injuries
Instability
What provides static stability?
Bony/labral and ligamentous anatomy
What provides dynamic stability?
Muscles
Important to observation of shoulder complex
- elevation or depression of shoulder tips
- position and shape of clavicle
- scapulohumeral rhythm
Important bony palpation of shoulder complex
- SC joint
- clavicle
- AC joint
- humeral head
- spine of scapula
Special tests for active and passive ROM
- flexion
- extension
- abduction
- adduction
- internal rotation
- external rotation
Muscles to test
Muscles of the shoulder and those that serve as scapula stabilizers
Joints to test for stability
- SC
- AC
- GH
