Psychosocial Intervention: Exam 2 Flashcards
How can an injury affect an athlete?
Psychologically and sociologically and it can be just as debilitating as physical aspects
What must the sports medicine team understand about psychosocial aspects?
Understanding of how psyche, emotions, and feelings enter into the treatment process
What 2 types of heal must an ATC insure before returning to play?
Physical and psychological
Short term injury
<4 weeks
Long term injury
> 4 weeks
Chronic injury
Recurring
Terminating injury
Career ending
What other factors must an ATC account for besides the details of an injury itself? (5)
- support system
- mental health
- history of injury
- stage in career/ season
- position/ role on team
Kubler-Ross’s Model of Reaction to Death and Dying
DABDA (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance)
Cognitive appraisal
Consideration of an athlete’s personal and situational factors and how those influence their appraisal of the situation
Emotional response
Anger, depression, ect
Behavioral response
Compliance with rehab
How might an athlete feel following an injury?
Alienated from the team
What relationships can become strained following an injury?
- teammates
- coaches
- friends
Where can an athlete find support?
- sports psychologist and support groups
- others that have gone through similar rehab
How does a sports psychologist help an athlete?
- prevent feeling of negative self worth and loss of identity
- stress the importance of remaining a teammate
Rehab’s role in support
- incorporate sports specific drills
- increase levels of efforts if it feels more relevant
- allow athlete to gain appreciation of skills necessary to return to play
Predictors of injury
Some psychological traits may predispose athletes to injury although not one personality type but risk takers are usually “more injury prone”
Acute stress
Threat is immediate and response instantaneous
Chronic stress
Leads to an increase in blood corticoids from adrenal cortex
What can happen when an athlete is removed from sport because of injury?
It can be devastating and can impact attaining goals
What can lead to pain and disability?
Fear and anxiety about injury
What does coping depend on?
Cognitive appraisal
What are some stressors in an athletes life?
- sports
- expectations
- work
- academics
- family
- relationships
- media scrutiny
How does mental state affect competition?
It can play a part in injury (distracted, angry, frustrated, sad, apathetic)
How must an ATC play a counseling role?
- emotions, conflicts, personal problems
- frustrations, fears, crises
- professional referral
When does overtraining happen?
Physical load> coping capacity
What can overtraining lead to?
Staleness and burnout
How should staleness be treated?
- early recognition
- implement short interruption in training
- complete withdrawal can result in sudden exercise abstinence syndrome
Burnout
Syndrome related to physical and emotional exhaustion leading to negative concept of self, job, and sports attitudes, and loss of concern for feeling so others
What stems burnout?
Overwork **can effect ATC and impact physical health
How should ATC react to athletes with injury?
- ATCs are not usually trained in counseling
- respond to individual and not the injury
- initially, “emotional first aid” will be required
- sports med team must be understanding and be prepared to answer patients concerns
Catastrophic injury
Permanent functional disability
Where should intervention be directed for a catastrophic injury?
Toward the psychological impact of the trauma and the ability of the athlete to cope
How will a catastrophic injury affect a persons functioning?
It will profoundly affect all aspects
Where should teammate be considered during a catastrophic injury?
It can have major effects on teammates and the ATC must be cognizant on that fact
Why must an ATC remain detached from an injury?
The ATC must make decisions regarding care and management of the injury based on training and it emotional attachment cannot cloud their judgement
What can an ATC do post-injury to help with their emotional stress?
Outside counseling in order to assist in coping
What should be taken into consideration for successful rehab?
Patient’s psyche
Rapport
The existence of mutual trust and understanding
What can encourage cooperation?
Educate the patient on healing and recovery process
How should the pace of rehab be set?
Setting and attaining goal and capitalizing on competitive nature of most athletes
What must an athlete do as well as feeling free to vent and ask questions?
Take responsibility
How should you explain the injury?
In a way that is understandable and relatable
What must an ATC do concerning anxiety?
Understand it and be prepared to counteract or cope with it
What must and ATC be able to do concerning mental illnesses?
Recognize problem, know limitations, and make a referral
What is a mental illness?
Any disorder that affects the mind or behavior
Examples of mental disorders
- anxiety
- mood disorders
- eating disorders
- personally disorders (OCD)
