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Kinesiology > The Hip And Thigh: Exam 3 > Flashcards

The Hip And Thigh: Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the rectus femoris?

A

Quad

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2
Q

Where is the rectus femoris?

A

Crosses the hip and knee

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3
Q

What does the rectus femoris do?

A

Extend the knee and flexes the hip

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4
Q

Where are the hamstrings?

A

Crosses the knee and hip joints

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5
Q

What does the hamstring do?

A

Extends hip and flexes the knee

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6
Q

What causes a quad contusion?

A

Exposed to traumatic blunt blow

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7
Q

Symptoms of quad contusion

A
  • pain
  • temporary loss of function
  • immediate swelling
  • palpable swollen area
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8
Q

Grade 1-4 contusion

A

Superficial to deep with increasing loss of function

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9
Q

Management of quad contusion

A
  • RICE
  • NAIDs and analgesics
  • crutches
  • ROM and Progressive resistance exercise
  • heat and massage to prevent myositis ossificans
  • conservative rehab
  • ice with gentle stretching with a gradual transition to heat
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10
Q

Myosotis ossificans

A

Formation of calcium deposits or bone in the muscle fibers

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11
Q

What causes myositis ossificans

A

Repeated trauma or impacts to an area or improper care of contusion

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12
Q

Symptoms of MO

A
  • x-ray shows @ 2-6 weeks
  • pain, weakness, swelling, decreased ROM
  • tissue tension and point tenderness
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13
Q

Management of MO

A
  • conservative

- can require surgical removal due to pain and decreased ROM

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14
Q

What causes quad strain?

A

Sudden stretch, violent forceful contraction of hip and knee into flexion

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15
Q

Symptoms of quad strain

A

-pain and point tenderness, spasm, loss of function, little discoloration (decreased knee flexion)

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16
Q

What can happen with complete quad tear?

A

Patient will have disability discomfort and some deformity

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17
Q

Grade 1 quad strain

A
  • tightness in front of thigh
  • near normal ambulation
  • limited swelling
  • mild discomfort in palpation
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18
Q

Grade 2 quad strain

A
  • abnormal gait cycle
  • noticeable swelling with pain on palpation
  • possible defect in muscle
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19
Q

What will produce pain in grade 2 quad strain?

A

Resistive knee extension

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20
Q

How will quad strain be splinted?

A

In extension

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21
Q

Grade 3 quad strain

A
  • possibly unable to ambulate
  • pain with palpation
  • may be unable to perform knee extension
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22
Q

What will isometrics do to grade 3 quad strain?

A

Produce defect or bulging in muscle belly

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23
Q

Management of quad strain

A
  • RICE
  • NSAIDs
  • analgesics
  • Progress to isometrics and stretching
24
Q

Grade 1 quad strain management

A

Neoprene sleeve can provide support

25
Q

Grade 2 quad strain management

A

Ice and compression for 3-5 days with gradual increase in isometrics and pain free knee ROM exercises **limit passive stretching

26
Q

Grade 3 quad strain management

A
  • crutches 7-14 days
  • restore normal gait
  • compression for support
  • may require 12 week to return to full activity
27
Q

Hamstring muscle strain

A

Disruption of fiber hamstring musculature

28
Q

What causes hamstring strain

A

Sudden forceful contraction (deceleration) or over stretch (knee hyperextension or hip flexion)

29
Q

Where is the pain in a hamstring strain?

A

-muscle belly or point of attachment pain

30
Q

Grade 1 hamstring strain symptoms

A

Soreness during movement and point tenderness

31
Q

How much of the fibers are torn in grade 1 hamstring strain?

A

Less than 20%

32
Q

Grade 2 hamstring strain symptoms

A

Partial tear, identified by sharp snap or tear, severe pain, loss of function

33
Q

How much of the fibers are torn in grade 2 hamstring strain?

A

Less than 70%

34
Q

Grade 3 hamstring strain symptoms

A

Rupture of tendinious or muscular tissue involving major hemorrhage and disability, edema, loss of function, ecchymosis, palpable mass or gap

35
Q

How much fiber is torn in grade 3 hamstring strain?

A

More than 70%

36
Q

What should you focus on in hamstring rehab?

A

Eccentrics

37
Q

Management of hamstring strain

A

-RICE

38
Q

When should activity be resumed in a grade 1 hamstring strain

A

Dont resume full activity until complete function is restored

39
Q

Grade 2 and 3 hamstring strain management

A

Conservative with gradual return to stretching and strengthening

40
Q

How does scarring affect hamstring injury?

A

Greater scarring mean greater chance of reinjury

41
Q

What does femur fracture generally involve?

A

Shaft

42
Q

What causes a femur fracture?

A

Requires a great deal of force

43
Q

Symptoms of femur fracture

A
  • pain, swelling, deformity
  • muscle guarding
  • leg with fracture may be shorter
44
Q

Management of femur fracture initially

A
  • treat for shock
  • verify neurovascular status
  • splint before moving
45
Q

Management of femur fracture

A

Reduce following x-ray

Pain med and ice

46
Q

What happens to soft tissue in femur fracture?

A

Extensive damage

47
Q

What causes a femur stress fracture?

A
  • overuse
  • excessive downhill running or jumping activities
  • endurance athletes
48
Q

Symptoms of femur stress fx

A
  • persistence pain in thigh/ groin
  • x-ray or bone scan
  • walk with antalgic gait
49
Q

Management of femur stress fx

A

Remove from activity

50
Q

What is trochanteric bursitis?

A

Inflammation over greater trochanter

51
Q

Symptoms of T bursitis

A
  • complain of lateral hip pain (can radiate down leg)

- tenderness over greater trochanter

52
Q

Mamangement of T bursitis

A
  • RICE
  • look at biomechanics and Q angle
  • corticosteroid injection possibly
53
Q

How to avoid T bursitis

A

Runner should avoid inclined surface (as well as rehab)

54
Q

When does dislocated hip happen?

A

Rarely in sports and from traumatic forces

55
Q

Symptoms of hip dislocation

A
  • flexed, adducted and internally rotated hip
  • palpation reveals displaced femoral head
  • serious concerns about neurovascualr structures
56
Q

Management of hip dislocation

A
  • immediate medical care

- 2 weeks immobilization and crutches for at least 1 month

Kinesiology (23 decks)

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