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Kinesiology > Emergency Procedures:Exam 2 > Flashcards

Emergency Procedures:Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Emergency

A

Unexpected occurrence that requires immediate attention

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2
Q

What can a mistake in initial injury management lead to?

A
  • longer recovery time

- life threatening situations

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3
Q

How many emergency action plans should there be?

A

Separate for every site and sport

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4
Q

What 3 things should an emergency action plan include?

A
  • define personnel available and their role
  • list equipment available
  • consider practice vs game
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5
Q

How and where should the plan be posted?

A

Clearly posted and sometimes above a phone

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6
Q

Components of EAP (5)

A
  • phone (location and number)
  • keys for access
  • all support personnel must be familiar
  • someone to accompany athlete in ambulance
  • folder/ electronic version of athlete emergency contacts, history, insurance, ect
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7
Q

What should the taker of the phone call be told? (7)

A
  • exact location and address
  • telephone number
  • caller’s name
  • what happened: mech of injury and events prior to injury
  • number of people involved
  • condition of victim
  • care being given
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8
Q

When should consent be given?

A

Prior to the season

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9
Q

When should parents be notified?

A

ASAP

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10
Q

Implied consent

A

With no informed consent, consent implied on part of patient to save life

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11
Q

Where does the assessment begin?

A

On the playing field with the goal of determining the nature of the injury and the direction of care

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12
Q

Components of assessment

A
  • primary survey

- secondary survey

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13
Q

components of primary survey

A
  • LOC (level of consciousness)

- CAB

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14
Q

What should be done in the primary survey?

A
  • assess level of consciousness

- determine potential life threatening injures/ conditions

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15
Q

Potential life threatening conditions (5)

A
  • no circulation
  • obstructed airway
  • no breathing
  • profuse bleeding
  • shock
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16
Q

Secondary assessment

A
  • no life threatening conditions
  • specific info about injury
  • head to toe assessment
  • assess vital signs
  • ID potential life threatening conditions
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17
Q

Vital signs

A
  • temp
  • pulse
  • BP
  • breathing
  • Pulse ox
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18
Q

Overall goal of primary assessment

A
  • circulation
  • airway
  • breathing
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19
Q

Goal of primary assessment:circulation

A
  • pulse

- excessive bleeding

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20
Q

Goal of primary assessment: airway

A

What things might obstruct

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21
Q

Goal of primary assessment: breathing

A
  • frequency
  • quality
  • adequate
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22
Q

4 life threatening conditions of which you should call 911

A
  • unconscious
  • trouble breathing
  • no signs of life (normal breathing or movement)
  • severe bleeding
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23
Q

What to do with an unconscious athlete? (4)

A
  • note body position
  • determine LOC and CAB
  • stabilize spine
  • activate EMS
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24
Q

What should you do with equipment of an unconscious athlete?

A
  • leave helmets and pads

- remove face mask

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25
Q

What should you do if athlete is supine and breathing?

A

Monitor

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26
Q

Supine and not breathing

A

CAB

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27
Q

Prone and breathing

A

Monitor, log roll after

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28
Q

Prone and not breathing

A

Log roll; CAB

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29
Q

How many people are needed for log roll?

A

4 at least

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30
Q

Checking of a conscious victim

A
  • obtain consent
  • scene safety, LOC and CAB checked upon approach
  • secondary survey begins
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31
Q

When to not transport victim (3)

A
  • trip may aggravate injury or illness or cause additional injury
  • when the victim may develop life threatening condition
  • unsure of the nature of the injury
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32
Q

Equipment removal

A
  • remove face mask
  • cut away jersey, opening to chest protector to expose chest for CPR and AED
  • remove both pads/helmet or neither
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33
Q

How to use an AED

A
  • evaluate heart rhythm of victim experiencing cardiac arrest
  • Can deliver electrical charge to heart if appropriate
  • fully automated
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34
Q

How to asses LOC

A
  • “are you ok”, calling name, tapping shoulder

- painful stimulus

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35
Q

4 levels of consciousness

A
  • alert
  • responsive to verbal stimulus
  • responsive to painful stimulus
  • Unresponsive
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36
Q

How to assess circulation

A
  • check for severe bleeding
  • check pulse @ carotid artery for 5-10 secs
  • AED and CPR if needed
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37
Q

Airway assessment

A

-is airway open and clear?

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38
Q

How to open airway

A
  • head tilt/ chin lift
  • modified jaw thrust
  • airway adjuncts (maintain airway)
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39
Q

What to consider when opening airway

A
  • c-spine
  • personnel
  • equipment
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40
Q

How to do CPR

A
  • 100 compressions a min for untrained

- 30:2 ratio for those trained

41
Q

How to check for breathing

A
  • look for chest rise
  • listen for breath sounds
  • feel for air movement
  • Rate and quality
42
Q

When to administer rescue breathing

A

If breathing is absent or inadequate

43
Q

Rescue breathing

A
  • bag valve mask

- supplemental oxygen

44
Q

Hemorrhage

A

Abnormal discharge of blood

45
Q

Types of external bleeding

A
  • venous
  • arterial
  • capillary
46
Q

Venous

A

Dark red with continuous flow

47
Q

Arterial

A

Bright red and flow in spurt

48
Q

Capillary

A

Exudes from tissue and is reddish

49
Q

How to control external bleeding

A
  • **protective equipment
  • direct pressure (clean gauze and firm pressure)
  • elevation of body part
  • pressure points/ tourniquet
50
Q

When does shock occur?

A

When less blood is available to the circulatory system because the vascular system is unable to hold the volume of blood (vasodilation)

51
Q

When is there a high probability of shock?

A
  • fractures
  • Internal injuries
  • severe bleeding
52
Q

Is shock rapid or slower?

A

-either

53
Q

What is shock a problem of?

A
  • blood volume

- hemodynamics

54
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

Trauma and blood loss

55
Q

Respiratory shock

A

Lung injury /

56
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

Dilation of blood vessels

57
Q

Psychogenic shock

A

Syncope

58
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

Heart can’t pump

59
Q

Septic shock

A

Infection

60
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

Allergy

61
Q

Metabolic shock

A

Severe illness

62
Q

Skin symptom of shock

A

Pale cool and clammy

63
Q

Pulse symptom of shock

A

Weak and rapid

64
Q

Respiration symptom of shock

A

Quick and shallow

65
Q

Blood pressure symptom of shock

A

Lower (systolic <90)

66
Q

Conscious level symptom of shock

A

Drowsy and sluggish

67
Q

Incontinence symptom of shock

A

Urinary and fecal

68
Q

Other shock symptoms

A

Change in disposition and extreme thirst

69
Q

How to manage shock

A
  • maintain body temp
  • elevate feet and legs
  • psychological reaction
  • no food or drink
70
Q

When is secondary survey performed?

A

After primary survey and no life threatening conditions (stable)

71
Q

Secondary survey

A
  • musculoskeletal assessment
  • decide to move or transport
  • referral or secondary care
72
Q

Musculoskeletal assessment adult v child

A
  • adult: head to toe

- child: toe to head

73
Q

Pulse

A

Radial or carotid in neck

  • normal: 60-100 a min
  • quality: rhythm and strength
74
Q

Respiration

A
  • at rest
  • normal rate: 12-20/ min
  • quality: difficulty/ sound
75
Q

Blood pressure

A
  • systolic
  • diastolic
  • normal: <120/<80 mmHg
76
Q

Body temp

A
  • oral rectal, auxiliary, ear, skin

- normal: 97.8-99 degree

77
Q

Where to check skin color

A

Nail beds, lips, mouth, tongue

78
Q

Where is a good place to look for skin color for dark skin people?

A

Inside mouth, lips, tongue, skin around nose and mouth

79
Q

Red in color

A

Heat stroke, allergic, > BP

80
Q

Ashen or pale

A

Shock, < BP, hemorrhage

81
Q

Blue

A

Airway abstruction

82
Q

Yellow

A

Liver disease

83
Q

Pupils and vitals

A
  • use a pin light

- PEARL: pupils equal and reactive to light

84
Q

What do constricted pupils indicate

A

Use of depressant drug

85
Q

What do dilated pupils indicate?

A
  • head injury
  • shock
  • use of stimulant
86
Q

What does pupils failure to accommodate indicate?

A

Brain injury, alcohol or drug poisoning

87
Q

What is more important: response or size?

A

Response

88
Q

What does the inability to move indicate?

A

Serious CNS deficits impacting motor control

89
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Inability to move one side

90
Q

What does hemiplegia indicate?

A

Brain trauma or stroke

91
Q

Bilateral upper extremity sensory motor deficits indication

A

Cervical spine injury

92
Q

What could pressure on the spine or injury below the neck result in?

A

Compromised function of lower limbs

93
Q

Musculoskeletal assessment

A
  • history
  • observation
  • palpating
  • special tests
94
Q

History in MA

A

Sounds, sensations, events leading up to injury, mechanism of injury

95
Q

Observation MA

A
  • inspection of injured and non-injured areas

- look for gross deformity, swelling, skin discoloration

96
Q

Types of splints (5)

A
  • rapid form vacuum splint
  • air
  • traction
  • SAM
  • spine and pelvis
97
Q

What should be checked before and after splinting?

A

Circulation, sensation, motor function

98
Q

Crutch instructions (up stairs)

A
  • BW on crutches
  • un injured leg up first
  • pull crutches/ affected leg up
99
Q

Crutches instructions down stairs

A
  • BW on good leg
  • injured leg and crutches down first
  • good leg follows

Kinesiology (23 decks)

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