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1. 2 Organ System Physiology > The Respiratory System 3 > Flashcards

The Respiratory System 3 Flashcards

1
Q

How can tidal volume be increased?

A

By inhaling more vigorously and exhaling more completely

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2
Q

What is alveolar volume?

A

The amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute

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3
Q

What is the amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute called?

A

Alveolar volume

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4
Q

What is tidal volume called?

A

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath

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5
Q

What is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath called?

A

Tidal volume

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6
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

The tidal volume plus expiratory and inspiratory reserve volumes

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7
Q

What is tidal volume + expiratory + inspiratory reserve volumes called?

A

Vital capacity

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8
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Air left in lungs after maximum exhalation

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9
Q

What is the air left in the lungs after maximum exhalation?

A

Residual volume

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10
Q

What is resting tidal volume?

A

The amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions

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11
Q

What is the average resting tidal volume for both males and females?

A

500mls in both males and females

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12
Q

What is the amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions called?

A

Resting Tidal Volume

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13
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

The amount of air that you can voluntarily expel after you have completed a normal, quiet respiratory cycle

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14
Q

What is the amount of air that you can voluntarily expel after you have completed a normal quiet respiratory cycle called?

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume

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15
Q

What is ERV in females?

A

700 mls

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16
Q

What is ERV in males?

A

1000 mls

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17
Q

What is residual volume?

A

The amount of air that remains in your lungs even after a maximal exhalation

18
Q

What is the amount of air that remains in your lungs even after a maximal exhalation called?

A

Residual volume

19
Q

What is the average residual volume in males?

A

1200 mls

20
Q

What is the average residual volume in females?

A

1100 mls

21
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

The amount of air that you can take in above the Tidal volume

22
Q

What is the amount of air that you can take in above the Tidal volume called?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

23
Q

What is average inspiratory reserve volume in men?

A

3300mls

24
Q

What is the average inspiratory reserve volume in women?

A

1900 mls

25
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

The maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs in a single respiratory cycle

26
Q

What is the maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs in a single respiratory cycle called?

A

Vital capacity

27
Q

What is the equation for vital capacity?

A

Expiratory reserve + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve

28
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

Total volume of the lungs = vital capacity + residual volume

29
Q

What is the vital capacity + residual volume equal to?

A

Total lung capacity

30
Q

What is the average total lung capacity for males?

A

6000 ml in males

31
Q

What is the average total lung capacity for females?

A

4500 mls

32
Q

Give an example of a pulmonary function test.

A

The forced test

33
Q

What can asthma and cigarette-related lung disease do?

4

A

It can alter the volumes that can be contained within and expired from the lungs

They increase the resistance to gas flow offered by the conducting airways

Breathing becomes difficult

Gas exchange becomes impaired

34
Q

What is forced vital capacity?

A

When a vital capacity manoeuvre is carried out with maximal effort to expel all the vital capacity in the minimal possible time interval

35
Q

List four obstructive disorders.

A

Asthma

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Cystic fibrosis

Lung cancer/tumours

36
Q

What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?

A

Chronic bronchitis or emphysema or both together

37
Q

What indicates an obstructive pulmonary disorder?

3

A

Normal or slightly low FVC

Low FEV 1

Low ratio = 40-50%

38
Q

List five restrictive disorders.

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

Damage to rib cage

Skeletal disorder

Muscular disorder

Pulmonary edema

39
Q

Give an example of a skeletal disorder

A

Scoliosis

40
Q

Give an example of a muscular disorder

A

Muscular dystrophy

41
Q

Give an example of a pulmonary edema

A

Right heart failure

42
Q

What three things indicate a restrictive lung disorder?

A

Very low FVC

Low FEV1

High or normal ratio e.g. 90%

1. 2 Organ System Physiology (25 decks)

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