The Reformation

Question 1

What were the causes of the Reformation?

Answer 1

~Church abusing its power-
Selling of indulgences: Practice of selling religious pardon to get into Heaven, to raise money for the Pope

Simony: selling of church position

Absenteeism: A member of clergy not being available in the church

Nepotism: When members of the clergy appointed Church positions to family members

Pluralism: Members of clergy holding more than one church position

~Influences of the Renaissance
~Wealth of Church: tithes

Question 2

What does Protestant mean?

Answer 2

Supporters of this desire for reform

Question 3

How was Luthers Protestant Church different to the Catholic Church?

Answer 3

Sacraments
How to get into heaven
Bread and wine
The Bible
Decoration of Church buildings

Question 4

What was the difference of Luthers Protestant Church to the Catholic Church in reference to sacraments ?

Answer 4

Protestant: 2, baptism and communion

Catholic: 7, Baptism, confession, First Communion, Confirmation, marriage, last rites or ordination

Question 5

What was the difference of Luthers Protestant Church to the Catholic Church in reference to getting into heaven?

Answer 5

Protestant: Justification in faith alone- only faith in God could get you to heaven

Catholic: Must have faith in God, and perform good works like fasting and indulgences

Question 6

What was the difference of Luthers Protestant Church to the Catholic Church in reference to bread and wine?

Answer 6

Protestant: Consubstantiation, bread and wine exist side by side with Jesus’s Body and blood

Catholic: Transubstantiation, Bread and wine become Jesus’s body and blood.

Question 7

What was the difference of Luthers Protestant Church to the Catholic Church in reference to the bible?

Answer 7

Protestant: Bible is the only source of guidance for Christians and be written in Vernacular to allow people to interpret the Bible easily and understandably

Catholic: Bible should be written in Latin

Question 8

How was a Papal bull important in the Reformation?

Answer 8

Papal Bull was sent by Pope Leo X to Martin Luther, threatening excommunication after Luther wrote the ninety-five theses

Question 9

How was a Heresy important in the Reformation?

Answer 9

Luther was to be arrested and punished for heresy according to the Edict of Worms

Question 10

How was a Diet of worms important in the Reformation?

Answer 10

It was held in 1521, concerning Luther’s sermons and pamphlets against the Pope

Question 11

How was a edict of worms important in the Reformation?

Answer 11

It was issued by Charles V after the Diet, stating Luther as an outlaw

Question 12

When was the Reformation?

Answer 12

1500 - 1700

Question 13

What was the role of the Printing Press in the Reformation?

Answer 13

The Printing Press allowed the Bible to be translated into the Vernacular in a quick, inexpensive way

Question 14

Name other reformers who established Protestant Churches in their countries

Answer 14

Switzerland: Ulrich Zwingli

Scotland: John Knox

England: King Henry VIII

Question 15

What were the consequences of the Reformation?

Answer 15

~Wars between Catholics and Protestants were seen in many countries such as France, England and Germany

~Increase in education levels occurred all over Europe as Catholics believed people only followed the reformers as they did not understand their fate.
However, Protestants wanted everyone to be able to read to understand the Bible

~Protestant Churches became simple and plain as they believed the decoration of Churches was a distraction to the Bible.
Catholics on the other hand continued to lavishly decorate their Churches to celebrate their fate

Question 16

What was the Counter Reformation?

Answer 16

It was several approaches made by the Catholic Church in an attempt to force or persuade people to stay in the Church

Question 17

What were 3 changes brought by the Council Of Trent?

Answer 17

~Simony, pluralism, nepotism, absenteeism and sale of indulgences were all banned

~Published a list of books that Catholics were forbidden to read (Index of Prohibited Books)

~Strict rules and Punishments were put in place for priests who broke the rules

Question 18

Who was Ignatius of Loyola and what was his contribution to the Counter Reformation?

Answer 18

He was the founder of the Jesuits.
Due to his army-like-order many people were introduced to Catholicism in South America and Asia.
Many schools were also set up to educate the sons of noble or wealthy families

Question 19

Who was the Court of Inquisition?

Answer 19

A group set up to arrest, try and punish anyone who they thought was a threat to Church teachings

Question 20

What was Auto de Fé?

Answer 20

People found guilty of heresy could be burned at the stake

Question 21

What was Sanbenito?

Answer 21

A yellow cloak worn as punishment

Question 22

What was the argument that Luther wrote and where did he put it?
Name several things he wrote in this?

Answer 22

Ninety-Five Theses
Nailed it to the Church door
~Bible is only guidance for Christians
~Clergy allowed to marry

Question 23

3 things that happened in Counter-Reformation?

Answer 23

-Courts of Inquisistion
-New religious orders (Ignatius Loyola)
-Council of Trent