The Plantations

Question 1

What was the Pale?

Answer 1

It was Dublin and its surrounding areas that became the basis of English Power. Mainly the Old-Irish Lived here

Question 2

Name the 3 groups living in Ireland in the 16th Century

Answer 2

• Old-English
• Anglo-Irish
• Gaelic Irish

Question 3

What does surrender and regrant mean?

Answer 3

Anglo-Irish and Gaelic Irish were to surrender themselves and their land to King Henry XIII. He would then grant their land back with an official title.

Question 4

What was Brehon Law? Give examples

Answer 4

Laws that dated back to the Iron Age used by the Gaelic Irish.

~Divorce was allowed
~Children born outside of marriage had the right to his fathers land
~Wealth was measured by the amount of cows owned
~Courts were held on hillsides
~A wife kept her own name and property

Question 5

What does Plantation mean?

Answer 5

When Irish land was confiscated by the English Crown and then colonised by British settlers on condition that they keep their english identity

Question 6

Name all of the Plantations, the monarch that organised them and the dates

Answer 6

Queen Mary~ Laois-Offaly Plantation~ 1554-1558

Queen Elizabeth~ Munster Plantation~ 1580’s

King James~ Ulster Plantation~ 1609- 1614

Question 7

Why did the Laois-Offaly Plantations fail?

Answer 7

-Not enough settlers
-English laws and customs were not enforced enough
-Gaelic planters had to be given land
-Lands confiscated from the Gaelic Irish were attacked, leading the planters to leave

Question 8

Why did the Munster Plantations fail?

Answer 8

-The Crown hoped for 20,000 settlers but only 1/5 came
-Still had to rent to the Gaelic Irish
-The Gaelic Irish continued to attack the Plantations
-Led to better planning in the future

Question 9

How didthe Ulster Plantation affect Ireland?

Answer 9

Religion:
~Settlers were Protestant, which increased Ireland’s Protestant population.
~Tension between Catholic and Protestants

Political Conflict:
~Gaelic Irish families lost their political power to the new settlers and King James.
-Tension between the two groups
~Gaelic Irish continued to rebel

Question 10

Key points to talk about the Ulster Plantation

Answer 10

~Size of each estate
~Servitors
~Guilds
~Plantation towns
~Farming methods
~Religion
~Language

Question 11

Explain the size of each estate in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 11

~No estate was bigger than 2,000 acres
~Servitors received 1,500 - 1,000 acres and payed £8 per 1,000 acres to the crown every year
~Loyal Irish received less than 1,000 acres and payed £10 per 1,000 acres every year

Question 12

Explain the servitors in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 12

Servitors were English and Scottish soldiers who were loyal to and fought for the Crown

Question 13

Explain the guilds in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 13

Each section of land in Derry was given to a different guild, e.g. grocer, tailer

Question 14

Explain the Plantation towns in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 14

Over 20 new towns were founded

Question 15

Explain the farming methods in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 15

Crop farming became more favourable than cattle farming

Question 16

Explain religion in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 16

Increase in Protestant population

Question 17

Explain language in relation to the Ulster Plantation

Answer 17

English became dominant over Irish due to the large amount of English-speaking settlers