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history > The 1916 Easter Rising, Sinn Fein, the First Dail > Flashcards

The 1916 Easter Rising, Sinn Fein, the First Dail Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the saying the IRB said about Britain during the war? What did this mean?

A

‘Britain’s difficulty is Ireland’s opportunity’
This meant that Britain was distracted with the war so it was the perfect time for Ireland to strike

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2
Q

What was the name of the group that the IRB set up to organise the Rising?

A

The secret Military Council

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3
Q

Who were the members of the secret Military Council?

A

-Padraig Pearse
-Eamonn Ceannt
-Thomas Clarke
-Sean Mac Diarmada
-Thomas MacDonagh

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4
Q

Why was the secret Military Council a secret?

A

The danger of infiltration of spies for the British government

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5
Q

Where did the Military Council get weapons from?

A

-Funds from Irish-Americans
-Joseph Plunkett and Sir Roger Casement bought them from Germany

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6
Q

When was the Easter Rising decided to happen? Why?

A

Easter Sunday, 23 April 1916
-It was a holiday period so there would be less gaurds
-Pearse believed in blood sacrifice which was symbolically linked to Christ’s sacrifice on the cross during Easter

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7
Q

What is blood sacrifice?

A

People would give up their lives for Ireland for the good of the future

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8
Q

Why did the secret Military Council forge the Castle Document?

A

The Military Council realised that they needed the help of the Irish Volunteer for the Rising to be a success. However, Eoin MacNeill would only give permission for the Volunteers to participate, if they were attacked first by the British government.

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9
Q

What did the Castle Document state?

A

That the British government were planning to take all arms and ammunition away from the Irish Volunteers

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10
Q

The arms and ammunition coming to Ireland for the Rising:
-Where?
-Who?
-Name of the boat?

A

-From Germany to Co. Kerry
-Sir Roger Casement and
-The Aud

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11
Q

How did the plans go wrong before the Rising?

A

-The Aud was captured
-Eoin MacNeill found out that the Castle Document was forged which led him to cancel the participation of the Irish Volunteers in the Rising

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12
Q

The Aud being captured:
-Who?
-Where?
-When?
-How many rifles were lost?
-What happened to Casement?

A

-By the British navy
-Tralee Bay
-Friday before Easter,
-20,000
-Casement was arrested

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13
Q

How did Eoin MacNeill cancel the participation of the Irish Volunteers in the Rising?

A

He placed a notice in the Sunday Independent newspaper

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14
Q

When did the Rising start?

A

Easter Monday, 24 April 1916

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15
Q

Why was the Rising confined to Dublin only?

A

The Council could only gather Dublin Volunteers on such short notice

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16
Q

Why did the Military Council decide to continue with the Rising despite knowing that it would be a military failure?

A

They hoped that their blood sacrifice would inspire people to fight for Ireland’s independence

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17
Q

How many Volunteers and members of the Irish Citizen Army march from Liberty Hall to other buildings during the Rising?

A

1,500

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18
Q

What were the buildings that were occupied during the Rising?

A

-Boland’s Mill
-GPO
-Jacob’s Factory
-The Four Courts
-The Mendicity Institution
-The Royal College of Surgeons
-South Dublin Union
-St Stephen’s Green

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19
Q

Who occupied the GPO during the Rising?

A

Pearse and Connolly

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20
Q

What did Pearse read outside the GPO during the Rising?

A

The Proclamation of the Irish Republic

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21
Q

What did the Proclamation of the Irish Republic announce?

A

That they were setting up a provisional government, replacing Britain’s control in Ireland

22
Q

How many British soldiers were on duty on Easter Monday?

A

Only 400

23
Q

How were the extra British soldiers brought in during the Rising and from where?

A

From the Curragh Barracks in Co. Kildare and from Britain, through ports such as Dun Laoighaire

24
Q

Gunboat, the Helga:
-When?
-Where?
-What did it do?

A

-26 April 1916
-Up the Liffey
-It shot at the GPO

25
Q

State several reasons the Rising failed

A

-Lack of weapons and ammunition
-Small numbers of Irish fighters
-Confusion leading up to the Rising
-Britain had greater numbers of soldiers and better weapons
-The rebels based themselves in area that could easily be surrounded
-Many civilians did not realise the significance of the events until afterwards
-It was not the countrywide rebellion that was intended

26
Q

What happened at Mount Street Bridge on the Wednesday of the Rising?

A

13 rebels in several positions held up some 1,750 soldiers for hours, killing or wounding 231 before being overwhelmed

27
Q

What happened by the Friday of the Rising?

A

-The City Centre was in ruins
-Looting occurred all over the city
-The rebels were surrounded

28
Q

When did Pearse surrender during the Rising

A

Saturday, 29 April 1916

29
Q

When was the Rising completely over by?

A

1 May 1916

30
Q

Basic* consequences of the Rising

A

-Deaths
-Damage to buildings and property
-People sent to British prisons
-Leaders of the Rising were sentenced to death
-Popularity of Sinn Fein surged

31
Q

How many people were killed during the Rising?

A

2,500 injured
500 dead
-300 civilians dead
-40 children dead

32
Q

How much did the damage of the Rising cost?

A

Nearly €4 million in today’s money

33
Q

How many people were sent to British prisons after the Rising? Give examples of these prisons.

A

3,000
e.g. Frongoch in Wales

34
Q

Explain ‘universities of republicanism’

A

This is what the British prisons, that people were sent to after the Rising, were called as they were the perfect place for revolutionary ideas to spread.

35
Q

Executions of the leaders of the Rising:
-When?
-Where?
-How many were sentenced to death?

A

-between the 3 and 12 May 1916
-Kilmainham Gaol
-Ninety

36
Q

Why were the executions of the leaders of the Rising halted?

A

People began to favour the rebels as they saw how horrific and unfair the executions were

37
Q

Roger Casement’s death:
-When?
-Where?
-How?
-Why?

A

-3 August 1916
-London
-Hanged
-Treason

38
Q

Why did Sinn Fein become popular after the Rising?

A

The Rising was falsely referred to as the ‘Sinn Fein Rising’ in newspapers, however they were never officially involved in it.

39
Q

When did Sinn Fein change its aims? What were its new aims?

A

In 1917
Their new aim was to achieve ‘the international recognition of Ireland as an independent Irish Republic’

40
Q

Who took over who as Sinn Fein’s new leader? When?

A

Eamon de Valera took over from Arthur Griffith in 1917

41
Q

Who was the new president of the Irish Volunteers?

A

Eamon de Valera

42
Q

Conscription Crisis:
-When was it planned?
-Explain Sinn Fein’s relevance to this

A

-In 1918
-Sinn Fein organised its opposition to conscription very well so when the British government dropped the plans Sinn Fein recieved most of the credit

43
Q

What is conscription?

A

When it is made compulsory for men aged 18 and over to join the military for a period of time

44
Q

What was the German Plot?

A

When members of Sinn Fein were arrested by the British government for allegedly plotting with Germany. However, there was no evidence to support this which increased Sinn Fein’s support as people saw how the British government were making up rumours to hurt Sinn Fein’s reputation.

45
Q

When was the general election held?

A

In December 1918

46
Q

How many seats did each party win in the General Election?

A

of 105 seats:
-Sinn Fein won 73
-Unionist won 23
-the IPP won 6

47
Q

What did the general election results tell us?

A

That people were no longer happy with Home Rule and wanted an Irish republic instead

48
Q

Where did Sinn Féin form their government? What did they name it?

A

In Dublin, in the Mansion House, Dawson St. on the 21 January.
They named it Dáil Éireann

49
Q

Who was the leader of the First Dáil?

A

Cathal Brugha as Griffith and De Valera were in jail.

50
Q

What did the Sinn Féin government do to try and establish control?

A

-They gained control of the local government
-Founded Dáil courts to deal with people’s court cases and crimes
-Organised loans to help run the Dáil
-Collins raised a loan from the general public of over £300,000 and de Valera raised nearly £5 million from Irish emigrants in America

51
Q

What was the Government Of Ireland Act 1920?

A

A law passed by the British parliament in which there would be a Home Rule Parliament in Ulster and one for the rest of Ireland, to try keep both the Nationalists and Unionists happy.
Sinn Féin rejected this and declared independence for the whole island

52
Q

When was the Dáil declared illegal by the British government?

A

1919

history (35 decks)

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